2020
DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800419
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Abstract: Microorganisms that colonize the gastrointestinal tract, collectively known as the gut microbiota, are known to produce small molecules and metabolites that significantly contribute to host intestinal development, functions, and homeostasis. Emerging insights from microbiome research reveal that gut microbiota‐derived signals and molecules influence another key player maintaining intestinal homeostasis—the intestinal stem cell niche, which regulates epithelial self‐renewal. In this review, the literature on gu… Show more

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Cited by 36 publications
(28 citation statements)
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References 194 publications
(284 reference statements)
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“…Although there are individual differences in the composition of gut microbiota (Lynch Susan and Pedersen, 2016;Bouter Kristien et al, 2017;Budden Kurtis et al, 2017), it plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and internal environment stability through its metabolites. The gut microbiota can produce a variety of small molecules and metabolites, among which short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can connect intestinal flora and host to play a key physiological role (Xing et al, 2020). They can serve as messengers, with the ability to alter the gut microbiota, thereby affecting various disease states (Yadav et al, 2018).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although there are individual differences in the composition of gut microbiota (Lynch Susan and Pedersen, 2016;Bouter Kristien et al, 2017;Budden Kurtis et al, 2017), it plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and internal environment stability through its metabolites. The gut microbiota can produce a variety of small molecules and metabolites, among which short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can connect intestinal flora and host to play a key physiological role (Xing et al, 2020). They can serve as messengers, with the ability to alter the gut microbiota, thereby affecting various disease states (Yadav et al, 2018).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While external to our analysis, bacteria ( H. Pylori ), parasites, and viruses may provide the mutagenesis factors initiating oncogenesis in mucosa epithelial cells. Pathogenic microbiota signals could also act on the intestinal stem cell niche and homeostasis upon CR (48).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While recent data show that all three SCFAs enhance AhR responsiveness in vitro primarily as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (94), additional findings demonstrate that butyrate can activate AhR signaling independent of its role as an HADC inhibitor suggesting that it is a direct AhR ligand as well (95). As recently reviewed (96), studies that have investigated the effect of butyrate on ISCs are discrepant, however. For instance, as butyrate is a primary energy source for colonocytes (89), it can facilitate ISC proliferation through gluconeogenesis (97) and improved microcirculation by dilating colonic resistance arteries (98).…”
Section: Short-chain Fatty Acidsmentioning
confidence: 99%