Microbial diversity from the continental shelf regions of the Eastern Arabian Sea: A metagenomic approach

Abstract

The marine microbiome is a complex and least-understood habitat, which play a significant role in global biogeochemical cycles. The present study reported the culture-independent assessment of microbial diversity from the Arabian Sea (AS) sediments (from Gujarat to Malabar; at 30 m depth) by using metagenome sequence analysis. Our results elucidated that bacterial communities in the Malabar coastal region are highly diverse than the Gujarat coast. Moreover, Statistical analysis (Spearman rank correlation) showed a significant correlation co-efficient value (r = P < 0.001) between microbial communities and physicochemical parameters (salinity and dissolved oxygen) in the water column. A total of 39 bacterial phyla were recorded from the eastern side of AS, of which six phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes , Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, and Planctomycetes were found to be the most dominant group. The most dominant genus from Valapad region (Malabar Coast) was found to be Halomonas sp., while other regions were dominated with Psychrobacter pulmonis . The subsequent Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) showed 99.53% variance, which suggests that, highly distinct microbial communities at Valapad (Malabar Coast) sampling location than other sites. Moreover, the microbial metabolic activity analysis revealed the important functions of microbial communities in the AS are hydrocarbon degradation, polymer degradation, nutrient oxidation and sulphate reduction (biodegradation process). Further extended studies are needed to be carried out for better understanding the functional diversity of microbial communities from the marine sediments.

Influence of hydrological factors on bacterial community structure in a tropical monsoonal estuary in India

“…Proteobacteria was the most dominant phyla in all the stations irrespective of the sampling period, with only marginal variations in the percentage of occurrence, with Betaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria being the dominant classes. The dominance of Proteobacteria was in concurrence with reports from other tropical estuaries (Bouvier and del Giorgio 2002;Ghosh and Bhadury 2019;Ortmann and Santos 2016;Eswaran and Khandeparker 2019) and also from coastal waters of India (Sachithanandam et al 2020, Parvathi et al 2019. High abundance of Betaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria in our study corroborated with previous studies from other estuarine regions (Sekiguchi et al 2002).…”

Bacterial diversity in the aquatic system in India based on metagenome analysis—a critical review

“…This study also reported the absence of anammox bacteria at both locations (Table 5 ). AS metagenome sequence analysis of coastal sediments was reported by Sachithanandam et al ( 2020 ), revealed that microbial communities showed a significant correlation with physicochemical parameters (salinity and dissolved oxygen). Based on functional prediction from this study, most bacterial communities were involved in the biodegradation and bioremediation processes.…”

“…In the coastal and offshore waters, the phylum Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, predominates and other phylum reported were Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Planctomycetes, with dominating classes of Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria (Kumar et al 2019 ; Mootapally et al 2021 ; Sachithanandam et al 2020 ; Lincy and Manohar 2020 ; Raiyani and Singh 2020 ). This observation was concurrence with reports from the international studies such as Korean coastal waters (Won et al 2017 ) Indian Ocean (Wang et al 2021 ), Ofunato Bay in Iwate Prefecture, Japan (Reza et al 2018 ), Coastal West Antarctic Peninsula (Bowman and Ducklow 2015 ), and Baltic Sea (Ininbergs et al 2015 ).…”

Whole genome sequence data of Bacillus australimaris strain B28A, isolated from Marine Water in India

“…Marine bacteria are diverse and potential as a resource for industrial enzyme applications [1] . Firmicutes are one of the most dominant groups in the Eastern Arabian Sea [2] . Bacillus australimaris B28A was previously isolated from seawater of costal of Thiruvananthapuram, in with deposit 16SrRNA accession number is MT010836.…”