Microbial biofilm in human health - an updated theoretical and practical insight

Licker, Monica; Moldovan, Roxana; Hogea, Elena; Muntean, Delia; Horhat, Florin George; Bădițoiu, Luminița; Rogobete, Alexandru Florin; Tîrziu, E.; Zambori, Csilla

doi:10.1515/rrlm-2017-0001

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…This percentage has been highlighted both in other researches that I conducted [36][37][38], as well as in a prospective study performed also in Romania by Licker at al. [39]. The results are consistent also with other findings [34,40], while MRSA remains a major cause of healthcare-associated infections worldwide, with higher percentages in the southern and south-eastern parts of Europe [32].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Distribution of Pathogens Involved in Infections in Oncological Patients and their Antibiotic Resistance Profile

Golli¹,

Niţu²,

Bălăşoiu³

et al. 2020

Rev.Chim.

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Romania and worldwide. Cancer patients are at increasing risk of acquiring bacterial infection with multi-resistant germs, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Gram-negative bacteria involved in nosocomial infection. Romania is one of the South-Eastern European countries with one of the highest prevalence rates of MDR pathogens. To determine the resistance pattern of bacterial profile and antibiotic resistance pattern in cancer patients admitted at the County Emergency Clinical Hospital Craiova, Romania. A retrospective study of bacterial pathogens was carried out on 90 adult cancer patients admitted from January to December 2018. The analysis of the resistance patterns for the action of the appropriate antibiotics was performed using Vitek 2 Compact system and diffusion method. In this study there were analysed 92 samples from 90 oncological patients (37-86 years). A total of 157 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 37 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (23.56%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (23- 14.64%), Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli (22 - 14,01%). The most common isolates were from respiratory tract (86 isolates - 54.77%). High rates of MDR were found for E. coli (63.63%), MRSA (61,11%) and Klebsiella spp. (54,54%), while one third of the isolated strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp. and Proteus spp. were MDR. The findings of this study may be the basis for further more extensive studies highlighting the germs involved in the infectious pathology of cancer patients, in order to determine the antimicrobial resistance and to improve the methods of prophylaxis and treatment. Keywords: multidrug resistance (MDR), cancer patients, bacterial pathogen

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Distribution of Pathogens Involved in Infections in Oncological Patients and their Antibiotic Resistance Profile

Golli¹,

Niţu²,

Bălăşoiu³

et al. 2020

Rev.Chim.

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“…As the main cause behind wound healing impairment, bacterial biofilm and quorum-sensing make the treatment of infected wounds much more challenging (31)(32)(33). With almost 1,000-fold higher antimicrobial resistance compared with planktonic bacteria, biofilms develop rapidly and present either at the surface or within the profound layers of wounds (34). In an effort to identify novel approaches to wound care and infection control, NPWT was demonstrated to be safe and effective in avoiding biofilm-associated infections as a physical therapy (14,16,35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive expression of biofilm regulators and adhesion factors of Staphylococcus aureus during acute wound infection under the treatment of negative pressure wound therapy in vivo

Wang

Yin

et al. 2020

Exp Ther Med

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Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is gaining acceptance as a physical therapy for a wide variety of infected wounds. To gain insight into the response of bacteria to NPWT in vivo, the adaptive expression of biofilm regulators and adhesion factors of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), the most frequently isolated pathogen in the clinic, during acute wound infection was investigated. A 3 cm full-thickness dermal wound was created on each side of a rabbit back and inoculated with green fluorescent protein-labeled S. aureus. NPWT was initiated at 6 h post inoculation, with the wound on the contralateral side as the untreated self-control. The wounds were subjected to a 28 day observation period. Histological analysis, laser scanning confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed a transition of S. aureus to a free-living phenotype in tissues treated with NPWT, compared with microcolonies in untreated wounds. Viable bacteria counts showed a modest reduction in the bioburden of NPWT group on day 8 (P<0.001), with ~1x10 6 colony-forming units/g tissue. Transcript analysis of biofilmand colonization-related genes were investigated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR on postoperative days 1, 2, 4 and 8. The poly-beta-1,6-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine synthase locus and holin-like protein CidA/antiholin-like protein LrgA network were less active in the NPWT group compared with the untreated control group. Accordingly, the expression profile switched to an elevated expression of the adhesive factors UDP-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminyl 1-phosphate transferase (at days 0-4) and fibronectin-binding protein A and iron-regulated surface determinant protein A at >4 days during both stages of colonization. Meanwhile, low expression levels of the effector molecule (RNAIII) of the accessory gene regulator type I (agr) system was detected in NPWT group, suggesting that the bacterial density in NPWT-treated wounds was under the threshold for agr activation, thus not leading to an active and invasive infection. The wounds treated by NPWT healed completely on day 28, compared with an average of an 8.11% defect area in the control group (P<0.001). The results of the current study indicated that S. aureus responds to NPWT by regulating gene expression, manifesting a decrease in biofilm formation and an increase in bacterial colonization in vivo, which potentially benefits the wound repair and healing process.

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“…At first, quorum sensing is heterogeneous, while in mature biofilms autoinducers production and signaling is homogenous [ 10 ]. The release of low-molecular weight molecules can initiate cell density-dependent control of gene expression for a particular phenotype of increased or changed virulence [ 10 , 12 , 13 ]. Subsequently, sessile forms of microorganisms covering the biofilm can give rise to planktonic structures, which can disperse into the body and generate new biofilms [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, microorganisms can survive in a dormant state in these protected communities, which are distinguished by slower metabolism and decreased sensibility to the effect of antimicrobial treatments [ 5 ]. A mixture of innate and induced mechanisms are involved in biofilm antibiotic resistance [ 13 ]. These include delayed or failed penetration of antimicrobial, horizontal gene transfer ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa ), multidrug efflux pumps, interactions between bacteria and fungi, due to a fungal matrix barrier [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indwelling Device-Associated Biofilms in Critically Ill Cancer Patients—Study Protocol

et al. 2021

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Health care-associated infections are a leading cause of inpatient complications. Rapid pathogen detection/identification is a major challenge in sepsis management that highly influences the successful outcome. The current standard of microorganism identification relies on bacterial growth in culture, which has several limitations. Gene sequencing research has developed culture-independent techniques for microorganism identification, with the aim to improve etiological diagnosis and, therefore, to change sepsis outcome. A prospective, observational, non-interventional, single-center study was designed that assesses biofilm-associated pathogens in a specific subpopulation of septic critically ill cancer patients. Indwelling device samples will be collected in septic patients at the moment of the removal of the arterial catheter, central venous catheter, endotracheal tube and urinary catheter. Concomitantly, clinical data regarding 4 sites (nasal, pharyngeal, rectal and skin) of pathogen colonization at the time of hospital/intensive care admission will be collected. The present study aims to offer new insights into biofilm-associated infections and to evaluate the infection caused by catheter-specific and patient-specific biofilm-associated pathogens in association with the extent of colonization. The analysis relies on the two following detection/identification techniques: standard microbiological method and next generation sequencing (NGS). Retrospectively, the study will estimate the clinical value of the NGS-based detection and its virtual potential in changing patient management and outcome, notably in the subjects with missing sepsis source or lack of response to anti-infective treatment.

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Microbial biofilm in human health - an updated theoretical and practical insight

Abstract: The term biofilm designates an aggregate of microorganisms belonging to one or more species which adhere to various surfaces but also to each another. These

Cited by 9 publications

References 50 publications

Distribution of Pathogens Involved in Infections in Oncological Patients and their Antibiotic Resistance Profile

Distribution of Pathogens Involved in Infections in Oncological Patients and their Antibiotic Resistance Profile

Adaptive expression of biofilm regulators and adhesion factors of Staphylococcus aureus during acute wound infection under the treatment of negative pressure wound therapy in vivo

Indwelling Device-Associated Biofilms in Critically Ill Cancer Patients—Study Protocol

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