Microbial and Fungal Phytases Can Affect Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Blood Profile of Broilers Fed Different Levels of Non-Phytic Phosphorous

Abstract

A total of 420 day old chicks were divided into seven groups (5 replicates of 12 chicks/group) fed isoproteic and isoenergetic diets. The control group was fed diets containing 0.50%, 0.45% and 0.40% of non-phytic phosphorous (nPP) in starter (1–35), grower (37–56) and finisher (57–64 d) periods, respectively. The three intermediate nPP (IntnPP) groups were fed diets with 0.40%, 0.35% and 0.30% nPP according to the growth period and were submitted to three dietary treatments: unsupplemented; supplemented with 500 FTU/kg diet of an Aspergillus niger phytase (IntnPP_fp) and supplemented with 500 FTU/kg diet of an Escherichia coli phytase (IntnPP_bp). The three low nPP groups fed diets contained 0.30%, 0.25% and 0.20% nPP and were submitted to the same dietary treatments than IntnPP to obtain LnPP, LnPP_fp and LnPP_bp groups. IntnPP and LnPP groups had lower body weight gain and feed, crude protein (CP) and metabolizable energy (ME) intake (p < 0.05) than the control. Feed conversion ratio of IntnPP was more favorable (p < 0.01) than the LnPP group. CP and ME conversion ratios worsened (p < 0.01) in IntnPP and LnPP groups in comparison to the control. The nPP conversion ratio improved (p < 0.01) from the control to the LnPP group. Fungal phytase reduced (p < 0.05) feed, CP, ME and nPP intake than the bacterial one. IntnPP and LnPP diets had a lower digestibility of CP (p < 0.01) and CF (p = 0.01) than the control. IntnPP and LnPP groups showed a higher (p < 0.05) economic efficiency than the control. Blood total protein was the lowest (p < 0.05) in the LnPP group, the control group showed the lowest (p < 0.05) level of albumin and IntnPP group had the lowest (p < 0.01) globulin level. The use of bacterial phytase increased (p < 0.01) total protein and globulin and decreased (p < 0.05) the plasma cholesterol in comparison to fungal phytase. Decreasing nPP levels in colored slow-growing broilers diet negatively affects growth performance and the use of phytase can partly alleviate these negative effects, but the efficiency of different enzyme sources (bacterial or fungal) was tied to the dietary nPP levels.

Effect of solid-state fermented and enzyme-supplemented lupins on performance and ileal amino acid digestibility in broiler chickens

“…A similar trend was also observed during the entire experimental period (1-21 days), with birds fed the SBM diet and the 250 g/kg LP diet supplemented with PHY showing the highest BWG and FI compared with those in the other treatments. In line with the present finding, the positive influence of PHY supplementation on broiler performance has been well established (Wu et al 2004;Cowieson et al 2006;Selle et al 2012;Babatunde et al 2019;Ciurescu et al 2020;Attia et al 2020). However, Woyengo et al (2008) did not observe any improvement in performance as a result of supplementing broiler diet with PHY.…”

Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and phytase co-fermentation of wheat bran on growth, antioxidation, immunity and intestinal morphology in broilers

“…Nevertheless, Santos et al [29] indicated that the addition of phytase (500 FTU/kg) in broilers' diet can increase body weight gain in the starter stage, but does not affect the finisher stage. This may be due to gut maturation and less inorganic phosphorous requirements during the finisher period as well as stability of gut microbiota [2][3][4][5]. The result mentioned above confirmed that phytase is one of the necessary elements of FWB in the broilers' growth at the starter stage.…”

“…WB has fewer soluble pentose and hexose; however, after fermentation, pentose, and hexose respectively increased from 75. 3 With 1 ng LPS, the NO production increased to about 120 μmol on 10 7 chPBMCs.…”

“…Nevertheless, as the outbreak of COVID-19 worldwide, the lack of labors affects the produces of corn and soybean and causes feed deficiency. Therefore, it is important to find alternative sources of carbohydrates while safeguarding the health of animals [1][2][3][4][5]. Because fiber is considered to be an anti-nutritional factor, low-fiber diets were typically used when feeding non-ruminant livestock animals in the past [6].…”

“…Cowiesonet al [10] and Hamdi et al [11] indicated that the addition of phytase to feeds can increase the digestion of phosphorus, minerals, and amino acids of broilers and increase broilers' bone strength. In addition, the research group of Attia et al and Al-Harthi et al reported that phytase could improve performance of broiler chickens regardless of phosphorus contents in broiler diet [1][2][3][4][5].…”