Micro-structural assessment of short term plasticity dynamics

Tavor, Ido; Hofstetter, Shir; Assaf, Yaniv

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.050

Cited by 61 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The findings also show that we may not yet have reached the lower limit on how much training is necessary to produce such changes, indicating remarkably rapid short-term structural neuroplasticity of the hippocampus. The study provides an important, independent confirmation of the meticulous previous work carried out in a single laboratory (Blumenfeld-Katzir et al, 2011;Sagi et al, 2012;Hofstetter et al, 2013;Tavor et al, 2013). Like the previous work, this study shows that the magnitude of diffusivity changes in hippocampus are significantly related to the behaviorally-measured magnitude of the learning changes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…These findings of neuroplasticity have been extended to humans and to shorter training episodes in a series of recent papers from the same laboratory (Sagi et al, 2012;Hofstetter et al, 2013;Tavor et al, 2013). Sagi et al trained both rats and humans on a spatial route-learning task for 2 h, comparing diffusion-weighted imaging before and after the training.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Structural and functional neuroplasticity in human learning of spatial routes

Keller

Just

2016

NeuroImage

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Structural and functional neuroplasticity in human learning of spatial routes

Keller

Just

2016

NeuroImage

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“…Thus, we can infer that the initially defective myelinated nerve sheaths of children with DS can show excessive hyperplasia during the overgrowth phase of brain development and lead to a high FA value of WM, whereas this extreme myelination may not completely compensate the defective cognitive function of DS. As previously reported, this condition may also be related to brain compensatory mechanisms of synaptic plasticity [45][46][47], even if the function is not well preserved.…”

Section: Dtimentioning

confidence: 55%

Structural brain alterations of Down’s syndrome in early childhood evaluation by DTI and volumetric analyses

et al. 2016

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Objectives To provide an initial assessment of white matter (WM) integrity with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the accompanying volumetric changes in WM and grey matter (GM) through volumetric analyses of young children with Down's syndrome (DS). Methods Ten children with DS and eight healthy control subjects were included in the study. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were used in the DTI study for whole-brain voxelwise analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of WM. Volumetric analyses were performed with an automated segmentation method to obtain regional measurements of cortical volumes. Results Children with DS showed significantly reduced FA in association tracts of the fronto-temporo-occipital regions as well as the corpus callosum (CC) and anterior limb of the internal capsule (p < 0.05). Volumetric reductions included total cortical GM, cerebellar GM and WM volume, basal ganglia, thalamus, brainstem and CC in DS compared with controls (p < 0.05). Conclusion These preliminary results suggest that DTI and volumetric analyses may reflect the earliest complementary changes of the neurodevelopmental delay in children with DS and can serve as surrogate biomarkers of the specific elements of WM and GM integrity for cognitive development. Key Points• DS is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability.• WM and GM structural alterations represent the neurological features of DS.• DTI may identify the earliest aging process changes.• DTI-volumetric analyses can serve as surrogate biomarkers of neurodevelopment in DS.

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“…Many recent studies have demonstrated that long-and short-range WM connections constitute the fundamental structural background of brain processing by providing a multimodal functional integration among different and distributed neural populations [Hosseini and Kesler, 2013;Skudlarski et al, 2008]. Even though it was recently hypothesized that WM actively mediates a possible reorganization of functional inputs through microstructural changes during short learning tasks [Tavor et al, 2013], a real capacity of structural restoration leading to functional recovery has not yet been demonstrated for human WM [Duffau, 2009]. Consequently, any damage to axonal pathways compromises the spatial and temporal synchronization between the cortical sites supporting any potential plastic reorganization [Duffau, 2014;van Geemen et al, 2014].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and functional integration between dorsal and ventral language streams as revealed by blunt dissection and direct electrical stimulation

Sarubbo

Benedictis

Merler

et al. 2016

Human Brain Mapping

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The most accepted framework of language processing includes a dorsal phonological and a ventral semantic pathway, connecting a wide network of distributed cortical hubs. However, the cortico-subcortical connectivity and the reciprocal anatomical relationships of this dual-stream system are not completely clarified. We performed an original blunt microdissection of 10 hemispheres with the exposition of locoregional short fibers and six long-range fascicles involved in language elaboration. Special attention was addressed to the analysis of termination sites and anatomical relationships between long- and short-range fascicles. We correlated these anatomical findings with a topographical analysis of 93 functional responses located at the terminal sites of the language bundles, collected by direct electrical stimulation in 108 right-handers. The locations of phonological and semantic paraphasias, verbal apraxia, speech arrest, pure anomia, and alexia were statistically analyzed, and the respective barycenters were computed in the MNI space. We found that terminations of main language bundles and functional responses have a wider distribution in respect to the classical definition of language territories. Our analysis showed that dorsal and ventral streams have a similar anatomical layer organization. These pathways are parallel and relatively segregated over their subcortical course while their terminal fibers are strictly overlapped at the cortical level. Finally, the anatomical features of the U-fibers suggested a role of locoregional integration between the phonological, semantic, and executive subnetworks of language, in particular within the inferoventral frontal lobe and the temporoparietal junction, which revealed to be the main criss-cross regions between the dorsal and ventral pathways. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3858-3872, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Micro-structural assessment of short term plasticity dynamics

Cited by 61 publications

References 35 publications

Structural and functional neuroplasticity in human learning of spatial routes

Structural and functional neuroplasticity in human learning of spatial routes

Structural brain alterations of Down’s syndrome in early childhood evaluation by DTI and volumetric analyses

Structural and functional integration between dorsal and ventral language streams as revealed by blunt dissection and direct electrical stimulation

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