Micro‐fractional, directional skin tightening: A porcine model

Russe, Elisabeth; Purschke, M. L.; Farinelli, William A.; Wang, Ying; Doukas, Apostolos G.; Limpiangkanan, Wikunda; Sakamoto, Fumio; Tam, Joshua; Wechselberger, Gottfried; Anderson, R. Rox

doi:10.1002/lsm.22444

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As with excision‐and‐lift operations, the direction of closure could be used to affect the direction of skin tightening. In our previous study with tightening by coring needles , we found that the direction of shrinkage could be influenced by the direction of the applied compressive dressing. Our data in this study show a trend toward the directed closure, but this was not statistically significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In a previous performed study , we demonstrated that primary closure of a fractional array of small full‐thickness skin wounds made with coring needles could produce significant skin contraction without scarring. That previous study showed that removing 10% of the skin by coring needles combined with immediate closure using an adherent wound dressing applied postoperatively for 7 days yielded an 8% reduction of skin area after 28 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Ablative fractional lasers are in concept a hybrid approach, capable of producing thousands of very small, deep skin wounds that stimulate remodeling , which could potentially be closed to directly reduce skin laxity. Recently, small full‐thickness coring needles have been studied as an ablative alternative to ablative fractional lasers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, therefore, we use a short pulse ablative Er:YAG fractional laser, which produces a much thinner cuff of residual thermal damage compared with ablative fractional CO 2 lasers . We also compared the skin‐tightening effects of closing laser micro‐wounds, with those of closing similar micro‐wounds made with a coring needle that produces no thermal damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significant skin‐tightening by closure of fractional ablative laser holes

et al. 2017

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Background and Objective Ablative fractional laser treatment uses thousands of very small laser beam wounds to damage a fraction of the skin, which stimulates tissue remodeling. Each open micro‐wound heals without scarring, but the amount of skin tightening achieved is limited. This animal study was performed to test the hypothesis that immediate temporary closure of fractional laser wounds could increase skin tightening after fractional ablative laser treatment. Materials and Methods Four adult swine were used for the study; 98 square test sites (3 × 3 cm) were tattooed on the abdomen and flanks of each pig. An ablative fractional Erbium:YAG laser (Sciton Profile, Sciton Inc, Palo Alto, CA) was used to treat the test areas. A laser micro‐spot fluence of 375 J/cm2 was delivered in 150–250 microseconds pulses, resulting in an array of ablation channels extending 1.5 mm deep into the skin, with a spot size of 250 µm, with 10% treatment density. Immediately following laser exposure the resulting holes were closed using a stretched elastic adhesive dressing, which, when applied, recoiled and compressed the diameter of the ablation holes. The compressive dressings were removed after 7 days. This procedure was compared to removing the same amount of skin (10%) mechanically by specially designed 19 gauge coring needles, as well as to the same laser and coring methods without compression closure. Area and shape of test sites were measured by digital photography before and 28 days after treatment. Data analysis included compensation for animal growth, as measured by increase in the area of the untreated control sites. Results All treated and control sites healed within a week, without scarring evident at 28 days. Laser treatment combined with compressive wound closure caused significant shrinkage at 28 days compared with untreated control sites. The treated skin area was reduced by 11.5% (P = 0.0001). Needle coring with wound closure produced similar, significant shrinkage (8%, P < 0.0021), whereas laser and needle coring treatment without closure did not result in significant area reduction (P = 0.1289) compared with untreated control sites. Conclusion Significant skin tightening can be achieved by immediate temporary non‐invasive wound closure after short pulse Er:YAG fractional ablative laser treatment, as well as after mechanically removing skin with a coring needle. This approach may improve skin tightening after ablative laser treatments. Further clinical studies are necessary to confirm successful application in humans. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:64–69, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significant skin‐tightening by closure of fractional ablative laser holes

et al. 2017

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“…At present, the minipigs are becoming the most commonly used large laboratory animals because the minipigs are small in body size, easy to operate, and share anatomical, physiological and biochemical similarities with humans. Because of the remarkable similarities between porcine and human skin structure, pigs are often considered as an ideal model for skin-related studies, including skin grafting [ 1 ], cosmetic identification [ 2 ], ultraviolet radiation [ 3 ], skin cancer [ 4 ], burns [ 5 , 6 ], frostbite [ 7 ], skin aging [ 8 ] and etc. However, because of pig skin coated with shaggy hairs, shaving hair process is inevitable before skin test or surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of DKK1 transgenic Tibet minipigs by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)

Liu

Yue

et al. 2017

Oncotarget

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Hairless mice have been widely applied in skin-related researches, while hairless pigs will be a useful model for skin-related study and other biomedical researches. Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) is inhibitor of Wnt signaling pathway. Transgenic mice expressing DKK1 transgene under control of a human keratin 14 (K14) promoter display hairless phenotype, which encouraged us to generate transgenic minipigs expressing pig DKK1 transgene under control of K14 promoter and finally achieve hairless minipigs. To generate transgenic cloned pigs, we constructed the lentiviral expression vector pERKDZG which contains two independent expression cassettes, the transcription of Tibet minipig DKK1 and EGFP genes are driven by K14 promoter, while mRFP is regulated under the control of Ef-1α promoter. Prior to generating the transgenic pig, the functionality of pERKDZG construct was verified by fluorescence assay and via checking pDKK1 expression. Subsequently, lentiviruses harboring ERKDZG transgene infected porcine embryonic fibroblasts (PEFs), followed by sorting RFP-positive PEFs by flow cytometry to obtain the purified PEFs carrying ERKDZG, designated DKK1-PEFs as donor cells used for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Finally, we obtained 3 DKK1 transgenic cloned pigs with skin-specific expression of pDKK1 and EGFP transgenes, but unfortunately, DKK1 transgenic cloned pigs don't display hairless phenotype as expected. Taken together, we achieve DKK1 transgenic cloned pigs with skin-specific expression of pDKK1 transgene which provide a pig model for exploring DKK1 gene functions in pigs.

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