Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration of cadmium ions with anionic–nonionic surfactants

Adsorption of surfactant micelles and Cd2+/Zn2+ in micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration

“…The CMCs of Cd(DS) 2 and Zn(DS) 2 in pure water were quite small compared with the CMC of SDS. Fang et al [8] have suggested that the aggregation of surfactant molecules is a stepwise process.…”

“…MEUF was first used in the treatment of heavy metals in wastewater in the 1970s [5], and it has since been found that MEUF can be used to separate almost all heavy metal ions, including Cd 2+ , Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cr 3+ , Mn 2+ , Pb 2+ , CrO 4 3− , Fe 3+ , Cu 2+ , and Fe(CN) 6 3− [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The surfactants used in MEUF range from single ionic surfactants, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cetyltriethylammnonium bromide (CTAB), dichloroacetic acid (DCA), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), sodium salt of 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-3-decyl maleic anhydride (DCMA-3Na), tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (TTAB), and polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (PONPE) [20][21][22][23][24][25][26], to mixed surfactants, such as SDS and polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether (Tritonx-100), SDS and polyoxyethyleneglycol dodecyl ether (Brij35), and SDS and nonylphenol ethoxylated (NPE) [27,28].…”

Partition Coefficients for Continuous Micellar Reaction Processes

“…On the one hand, organic and inorganic compounds can be solubilized in aqueous media without using organic solvents [1,2]. This is important when traditional organic solvents should be avoided.…”

Effect of groups difference in surfactant on solubilization of aqueous phenol using MEUF

“…Heavy metal and inorganic pollutants, however, are rejected through different mechanism that bound on the surface of the opposite-charged micelles via electrostatic interactions [11][12][13][14]. However, when the bulk solution has less than one CMC of surfactant, the removal of solutes may take place because of the influences of adsorption and concentration polarization [15].…”