Metronidazole- and Amoxicillin-Loaded PLGA and PCL Nanofibers as Potential Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Periodontitis: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to prepare poly (D-L) lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) nanofibers containing metronidazole and amoxicillin using an electrospinning process as intrapocket sustained-release drug delivery systems for the treatment of periodontal diseases. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the drug containing PLGA and PCL nanofibers produced from the electrospinning process was uniform and bead-free in morphology. The obtained nanofibers had a strong structure and resisted external tension according to the tensiometry results. The cytotoxicity results indicated acceptable cell viability (>80%). Quantification by high-performance liquid chromatography showed almost complete in vitro drug release between 7 and 9 days, whereas 14 days were required for complete drug release in vivo. No significant signs of irritation or inflammatory reaction were detected after three weeks of subcutaneous implantation of nanofibers in the animal models, thus indicating suitable compatibility. The results therefore suggest that the designed nanofibers can be used as potential commercial formulations in the treatment of periodontitis as controlled-release intrapocket drug delivery systems that can increase patient compliance. This is due to their ability to reduce the frequency of administration from three times daily in a systemic manner to once weekly as local delivery.

Polyester-releasing sesamin by electrospinning technique for the application of bone tissue engineering

“…Moreover, Mirzaeei et al also fabricated PCL nanofibers containing metronidazole and amoxicillin for the treatment of periodontitis. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the drugs containing PCL nanofibers was uniform and bead-free in morphology with the mean fiber diameter as 282 ± 68 nm [ 26 ]. Likewise, the bead-on-string structure was more prominent when sesamin concentration was increased without any alteration of fiber diameter.…”

Gellan Gum-Based Bilayer Mucoadhesive Films Loaded with Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride and Clove Oil for Possible Treatment of Periodontitis

“…41 A recent study suggested the use of polymeric nanofibers loaded with antibiotic combination for targeting gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as a potential treatment strategy for periodontitis. 42 Based on the antibacterial results, GG3 film was considered to be an optimized formulation for further testing. For the purpose of comparison, blank (B), D1, and O3 films were also subjected to various characterizations.…”

“… 41 A recent study suggested the use of polymeric nanofibers loaded with antibiotic combination for targeting gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as a potential treatment strategy for periodontitis. 42 …”

Electrospun multifunctional nanofibrous mats loaded with bioactive anemoside B4 for accelerated wound healing in diabetic mice

“…The cell culture medium was prepared by immersing 3 mg different samples in a 1 mL commercialized cell culture medium for 24 h at 37 °C, respectively (Mirzaeei et al., 2021 ). The L929 cells were seeded at a density of 1 × 10 4 cells/well in a 96-well plate and cultured for 24 h. Experiments were initiated by replacing the commercial culture medium in each well with 100 µL of sample-prepared culture medium and incubated at 37 °C in a CO 2 incubator.…”