Métodos de transplantio para utilização de mudas de regeneração natural de Cordia trichotoma

Abstract

RESUMOA utilização de mudas de regeneração natural é uma técnica importante a ser utilizada com espécies com limitações quanto à sua germinação. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de testar métodos de transplantio para uso de mudas de regeneração natural de Cordia trichotoma. As mudas foram removidas do sub-bosque e sua área foliar foi reduzida com uma tesoura de poda (0, 50 e 100%) e acondicionadas em sacos plásticos em três diferentes incidências de luminosidade (30, 50 e 70%). O crescimento em altura total e diâmetro do coleto foi avaliado após 150 dias. Os dados foram analisados no esquema bifatorial e por teste de médias a 5% de probabilidade no software estatístico R. Não houve interação entre os fatores sombreamento e corte foliar. O diâmetro do coleto não diferiu entre os tratamentos. Mesmo não havendo diferenças entre tratamentos, as maiores médias de altura foram encontradas com 50% de redução da área foliar. O sombreamento a 50 e a 70% proporcionaram resultados superiores em relação à altura das mudas. Estes resultados estão relacionados com a ecologia e fisiologia da espécie, e vêm a contribuir com o processo de produção de mudas, podendo ser uma técnica viável a ser aplicada nesta e em outras espécies florestais. Apesar do corte das folhas em C. trichotoma não exercer influência sobre o crescimento das mudas, recomenda-se a redução de 50% da área foliar. O sombreamento a 55% proporciona melhor crescimento das mudas de C. trichotoma. Palavras-chave: área foliar; corte foliar; louro-pardo; sombreamento Transplant methods for use of natural regeneration of Cordia trichotoma seedlings ABSTRACTThe seedling utilization the natural regeneration is an important technique used with species with limitations for its germination. This word it was made aiming to test transplantings methods for use in seedling of natural regeneration of the Cordia trichotoma. The seedlings were removed the sub-canopy and their leaf area it was reduced with the pruning shear (0, 50 and 100%) and then placed in the plastic bags in three different incidences of luminosities (70, 50 and 30%). The growth in total height and stem diameter was measured after 150 days. The data were analyzed in a bifactorial scheme and by the average test at 5% probability in statistical software R. There was not interaction between factors shading and leaf cutting. The stem diameter did not differ between treatments. Even without differences between treatments, the highest heigth were found with 50% shading and 50% the reduction in leaf area. These results are related with the ecology and physiology of the specie, and comes to contribute to the seedlings production process, can be a viable technique to be applied in this and other forest species.

Rescue strategies for Xylopia sericea A.St.-Hil. plants from natural regeneration

“…ex Steud. was classified by Zimmermann et al (2017) as being highly adaptive to the stress caused by the method, since at 150 days after rescue, these authors obtained 100% survival for all tested treatments (30, 50 and 70% shading and 0, 50 and 100% leaf reduction). Corroborating to the idea that distinct species have different response capacities to the rescue procedure (Viani et al, 2012).…”

“…However, there are many gaps between the legal aspect of plant rescuing and the compatibility of a largescale enforcement (Santos, 2018). Several species respond positively to rescue, which facilitates their collection and handling (Viani & Rodrigues, 2007;Calegari et al, 2011;Silva et al, 2017;Zimmermann et al, 2017). Still, this is not a rule, as rescued species generally exhibit distinct behaviors when analyzed in isolation, with large variations in the survival and growth rates being noted (Viani & Rodrigues, 2007;Silva et al, 2015).…”

Rooting of mini-cuttings and quality of plantlets of Cordia trichotoma

“…Ex Steud (Boraginaceae) stands out, also being widely distributed in Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Uruguay (Fleck et al, 2019). The native species is highly demanded and accepted in the market, mainly for the manufacture of luxury furniture due the following characteristics of its wood: good density, high durability, and good resistance to bending, which ensure the quality and added value of the made products (Zimmermann et al, 2017).…”

Strategies to transplant Fabaceae species from natural regeneration

“…Studies concerning the rescue of seedlings and young individuals have found that native species demonstrate different behaviors and survival rates (Viani & Rodrigues, 2007;Viani et al, 2012). Depending on the rescue methodology adopted, the response of the same species may vary completely (Viana et al, 2015) or be not necessarily influenced (Zimmermann et al, 2017). Therefore, given the importance of the rescue, considering the germplasm rescue in areas intended for suppression, and due to the high diversity of native species occurring in Brazilian biomes, it is necessary to conduct studies that include less-investigated species (Silva et al, 2017).…”