Methylobacterium terrae sp. nov., a radiation-resistant bacterium isolated from gamma ray-irradiated soil

Chhetri

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

et al. 2020

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A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, carotenoid-pigmented, motile-by-gliding bacterium, which was designated as SSH13T, was isolated from a surface seawater sample collected from Sehwa Beach in the Republic of Korea. Strain SSH13T was oxidase-negative, catalase-positive and grew at 2–37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), in the presence of 0.5–6% NaCl and within a pH range of pH 6–10 (optimum, pH 8). The novel isolate required NaCl for growth and grew optimally with approximately 2 % NaCl. Chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics were consistent with members of the genus Lewinella . Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that strain SSH13T was most closely related to the type strains of the genus Lewinella . Strain SSH13T had highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Lewinella persica DSM 23188T (95.3 %) and Lewinella agarilytica KCTC 12774T (95.0 %). The major fatty acids of SSH13T were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c) and iso-C15 : 0. Strain SSH13T contained phosphatidylethanolamine as a major polar lipid. Menaquinone-7 was the predominant respiratory quinone. The average nucleotide identity values between strain SSH13T and L. persica T-3T and L. agarilytica SST-19T were 72.9 and 72.6 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 52.8 mol%. The present study aimed to determine the multiple-antibiotic resistance of the novel bacterium. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses, strain SSH13T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Lewinella , for which the name Lewinella aurantiaca sp. nov. (type strain SSH13T=KACC 21167T=NBRC 113866T) is proposed.

Section: S Rrna Gene Phylogenymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lewinella aurantiaca sp. nov., a carotenoid pigment-producing bacterium isolated from surface seawater

Chhetri

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

et al. 2020

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“…Growth with various concentrations of NaCl (0–0.5 and 1.0–10.0 %, at increments of 1.0%, w/v) was tested in TSA medium at pH 7.0 for 10 days at 30 °C. The pH range for growth was determined by cultivation at 28 °C in TSA broth adjusted to pH 4–10 (at 1 pH unit intervals) before sterilization with citrate/NaH 2 PO 4 buffer (pH 4.0–5.0), phosphate buffer (pH 6.0–8.0) and Tris buffer (pH 9.0–10.0) as described previously [29]. Testing after autoclaving revealed only minor pH changes.…”

Section: Morphological Physiological and Chemotaxonomic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavobacterium baculatum sp. nov., a carotenoid and flexirubin-type pigment producing species isolated from flooded paddy field

Chhetri

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

et al. 2019

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A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, asporogenous, motile by gliding, dull-yellow, long rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated SNL9T, was isolated from a flooded paddy field near Dongguk University, Republic of Korea. The results of phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that SNL9T represents a member of the genus Flavobacterium and is most closely related to Flavobacterium ummariense DS-12T (96.2%) and Flavobacterium viscosum YIM 102796T (96.3%). The average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization (DDH) values with F. ummariense DS-12T and F. viscosum YIM 102796T were 89.3/39.1 and 87.1/33 %, respectively. The major fatty acids of SNL9T were identified as iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and summed feature 9 (comprising iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or 10 methyl C16 : 0). SNL9T contained MK-6 as the major respiratory quinone. The polar lipids were phoshatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminophosphoglycolipid, three unidentified aminoglycolipids, two unidentified glycolipids and one unidentified phosphoglycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 34.2 mol%. SNL9T produces carotenoid and flexirubin-type pigments. Among them, carotenoids are particularly valuable for the biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries due to their antioxidant activity. Aryl polyenes (APE) pigments were also found in SNL9T which are responsible for yellow pigment in bacteria. They are stored in the bacterial membrane and protect the bacteria from oxidative stress, particularly from reactive oxygen species. In this paper, we describe a novel isolate, SNL9T, which protect itself from the attack of free radicals using specific natural products in the membrane. Because of their anti-oxidation properties, aryl polyenes may also be of interest to the cosmetic industry. On the basis of the results of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses, SNL9T represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium baculatum sp. nov. is proposed. The type is SNL9T (=KACC 21170T=NBRC 113746T).

“…Growth at different pH (4.0-10.0 at intervals of 1.0) was assessed after incubation in nutrient broth (Sigma, United States) at 30 • C for 7 days. The pH of the nutrient medium was adjusted using citrate/NaH 2 PO 4 buffer (pH 4.0-5.0), phosphate buffer (pH 6.0-8.0), and tris buffer (pH 9.0-10.0) (Kim et al, 2019). Salt tolerance was tested by streaking the strains on R2A supplemented with NaCl (0-10% at intervals of 1%) and incubating the plates at 30 • C for 7 days.…”

Section: Phenotypic Characterization Of Iss Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylobacterium ajmalii sp. nov., Isolated From the International Space Station

et al. 2021

Four strains belonging to the family of Methylobacteriaceae were isolated from different locations on the International Space Station (ISS) across two consecutive flights. Of these, three were identified as Gram-negative, rod-shaped, catalase-positive, oxidase-positive, motile bacteria, designated as IF7SW-B2T, IIF1SW-B5, and IIF4SW-B5, whereas the fourth was identified as Methylorubrum rhodesianum. The sequence similarity of these three ISS strains, designated as IF7SW-B2T, IIF1SW-B5, and IIF4SW-B5, was <99.4% for 16S rRNA genes and <97.3% for gyrB gene, with the closest being Methylobacterium indicum SE2.11T. Furthermore, the multi-locus sequence analysis placed these three ISS strains in the same clade of M. indicum. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) values of these three ISS strains were <93% and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values were <46.4% with any described Methylobacterium species. Based on the ANI and dDDH analyses, these three ISS strains were considered as novel species belonging to the genus Methylobacterium. The three ISS strains showed 100% ANI similarity and dDDH values with each other, indicating that these three ISS strains, isolated during various flights and from different locations, belong to the same species. These three ISS strains were found to grow optimally at temperatures from 25 to 30°C, pH 6.0 to 8.0, and NaCl 0 to 1%. Phenotypically, these three ISS strains resemble M. aquaticum and M. terrae since they assimilate similar sugars as sole carbon substrate when compared to other Methylobacterium species. Fatty acid analysis showed that the major fatty acid produced by the ISS strains are C18:1−ω7c and C18:1−ω6c. The predominant quinone was ubiquinone 10, and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and an unidentified lipid. Therefore, based on genomic, phylogenetic, biochemical, and fatty acid analyses, strains IF7SW-B2T, IIF1SW-B5, and IIF4SW-B5, are assigned to a novel species within the genus Methylobacterium, and the name Methylobacterium ajmalii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IF7SW-B2T (NRRL B-65601T and LMG 32165T).