Methodological choices in applications of Q methodology: A systematic literature review

Dieteren, Charlotte; Patty, Nathalie; Reckers-Droog, Vivian; Exel, Job van

doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100404

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“… 34 In previous studies, Q‐methodology has been found to be useful for exploring the opinions of older persons, 35 , 36 informal caregivers 37 and care professionals. 38 , 39 In this study, the checklist of Dieteren et al 40 for reporting a Q‐methodology study has been followed. This study was conducted in three steps: (1) development of the statements, (2) recruitment of participants and data collection and (3) data analysis and interpretation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different views on collaboration between older persons, informal caregivers and care professionals

van Muijden,

Gräler,

van Exel

et al. 2024

Health Expectations

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BackgroundInformal care features high on the policy agenda of many countries to deal with workforce shortages. As a consequence, care provision increasingly takes place in the care triad of care recipients, informal caregivers and care professionals. How collaboration between care partners takes shape depends on how the different partners perceive this collaboration. This paper aims to investigate the relative importance of the different aspects of collaboration from the perspectives of care recipients, informal caregivers and care professionals in the context of the care for older persons in The Netherlands.MethodsUsing Q‐methodology, 32 participants ranked 28 statements that reflect different aspects of collaboration in the care triad and explained their ranking during a follow‐up interview. Participants comprised 9 older persons, 10 informal caregivers and 13 care professionals. Data were analysed using by‐person factor analysis to identify common patterns in the rankings of the statements. Emerging patterns were interpreted and described as views on collaboration using aggregated rankings and qualitative data from the interviews.ResultsFive distinct views on collaboration were found: (1) Emphasizing warm collaboration, (2) trusting care professional's expertise, (3) open and compassionate care professionals, (4) responsive decision‐making by autonomous care professionals and (5) prioritizing care recipient's and informal caregiver's interests. Care recipients and/or informal caregivers were associated with views 1, 3 and, 5, whereas care professionals were associated with all five views.ConclusionsOur study highlights the importance of recognizing the potential diversity of views between and within different partner groups in care triads. Governmental and organizational policy makers, as well as healthcare professionals who aim to increase or support the involvement of informal caregivers, should take this heterogeneity into consideration.Patient or Public ContributionAn advisory board of older persons (care recipients and informal caregivers) was involved in the recruitment of the participants, the formulation of the statements and the reflection on the findings of the study and potential implications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different views on collaboration between older persons, informal caregivers and care professionals

van Muijden,

Gräler,

van Exel

et al. 2024

Health Expectations

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“…The number of responses corresponding to each statement was limited in advance, which forces a forced distribution and encourages participants to carefully reflect on the ranking of statements according to their point of view on the topic (Lucinski, 2016). The Q-sort matrix facilitates the analysis and interpretation of results and increases the precision of the analysis performed (Dieteren, Patty, Reckers-Droog and Exel, 2023).…”

Section: Q-sort Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Q-Sort: A Blended Methodology Applied to a Personality Inventory

Rodrigues

Lopes

Varela

2023

EJBRM

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The instruments that are constituted by inquiries that intend to investigate the opinions, behaviors and attitudes, instead of putting the person to the test, intend to find out how they would act in a given situation. Although there are no right or wrong answers, there is a tendency to respond in a socially acceptable way, even if the answer does not correspond to reality. This problem can be overcome through the Q-sort methodology that combines quantitative and qualitative data and analytical techniques that are not present in other methods. In this way, it consists of presenting the participants with a set of statements on a given topic and asking them to classify them according to their opinion, according to a predefined distribution, which is generally approximately normal. This methodology forces participants to distribute the score among the items on the scale, thus avoiding the constraints associated with social desirability and the tendency to respond in the same way or always through the midpoint to different questions. Another advantage is that it provides linearity and near-normality to the scale, which makes it possible to compare subjects more easily. Nevertheless, its advantages, Q-sort methodology also has negative points because forced-choice measures produce ipsative data that lead to distorted scales and problematic psychometric properties. As the data are obtained by ordering a set of items or by forcefully choosing one item over another, it is impossible to achieve very high or very low values on all scales, which gives rise to a large number of negative values that, in turn, result in an average correlation between the scales, which is also negative. In view of the above, it was considered relevant to apply the Q-sort methodology to a personality inventory, whose data were collected from 175 university students attending the Portuguese higher education institution which specializes in the area of economic and business sciences. The Q-sort methodology plays a crucial role in personality inventories by offering a subjective and personalized approach to assessing personality traits. It enables a more thorough and contextual analysis of individual traits, thereby contributing to a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the human personality. The results of the empirical study showed that despite the mean values being negative or very close to zero, they allowed the grouping of respondents according to their similarities in terms of their personality traits depending on the course they attend.

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“…The design and conduct of the study were primarily guided by Watts and Stenner’s ( 25 ) recommendations. We also followed the checklist developed by Dieteren et al ( 29 ) to assist with the reporting of this Q-methodology study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological intervention priorities according to perinatal women who experienced suicidal thoughts and perinatal mental health professionals: a Q-methodology study

Reid,

Pratt,

Edge

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionSuicide is the leading direct cause of maternal death in the year following birth and the second leading cause during pregnancy, in the UK and Ireland. Currently no evidence-based psychological interventions exist specifically designed to reduce mothers’ suicidal experiences during the perinatal period. Reducing suicidal ideation and behaviour in mothers is a priority to prevent deaths and lessen the distress felt by mothers and their families. As Q-methodology measures the consensus and disagreement between individuals on a given topic, the current study used Q-methodology to elicit the priorities for a future psychological intervention aimed at reducing suicidal ideation and behaviour during the perinatal period, from the collective perspectives of both mothers and professionals.MethodAs part of this Q-methodology study, we developed a Q-set of 75 statements pertaining to possible elements of a psychological intervention that might help reduce a mother’s suicidal ideation and behaviour during the perinatal period. Mothers and professionals were recruited via perinatal mental health services and social media advertisements.ResultsTwenty-one mothers and 11 perinatal mental health professionals ranked each Q-set statement depending on its perceived importance in developing a new intervention. A centroid factor analysis was conducted and two factors, which accounted for 42% of the overall variance, were identified: Factor 1 “supporting the mother to create distance between herself and the appeal of suicide” and Factor 2 “establishing positive connections with the therapist, the baby and motherhood.” All participants believed that developing plans to keep the mother safe from suicide was the most important aspect for inclusion in a future intervention. Participants who loaded onto Factor 1 also prioritised supporting mothers to learn more about triggers for their suicidal ideation and behaviour. Ensuring a robust therapeutic alliance was more important for those who loaded onto Factor 2.ConclusionThis is the first study using Q-methodology to explore the psychological intervention priorities of mothers and professionals. Findings indicate clear priorities in terms of planning and coping during a crisis, endorsed by all participants, and provide an initial step in the development of a new perinatal suicide prevention intervention.

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Methodological choices in applications of Q methodology: A systematic literature review

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Different views on collaboration between older persons, informal caregivers and care professionals

Different views on collaboration between older persons, informal caregivers and care professionals

Q-Sort: A Blended Methodology Applied to a Personality Inventory

Psychological intervention priorities according to perinatal women who experienced suicidal thoughts and perinatal mental health professionals: a Q-methodology study

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