Methanolic Extract ofFicus caricaLinn. Leaves Exerts Antiangiogenesis Effects Based on the Rat Air Pouch Model of Inflammation

Abstract

The antiangiogenesis effect of Ficus carica leaves extract in an air pouch model of inflammation was investigated in rat. Inflammation was induced by injection of carrageenan into pouches. After antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content (TPC) investigations, the extract was administered at 5, 25, and 50 mg/pouch, and then the volume of exudates, the cell number, TNFα, PGE2, and VEGF levels were measured. Angiogenesis of granulation tissues was determined by measuring hemoglobin content. Based on the DPPH assay, the extract had significant antioxidant activity with TPC of 11.70 mg GAE/100 g dry sample. In addition, leukocyte accumulation and volume of exudate were significantly inhibited by the extract. Moreover, it significantly decreased the production of TNFα, PGE2, and VEGF, while angiogenesis was significantly inhibited by all administered doses. Interestingly, attenuation of angiogenesis and inflammatory parameters (except leukocyte accumulation) by the extract was similar to that shown by diclofenac. The extract has anti-inflammatory effects and ameliorated cell influx and exudation to the site of the inflammatory response which may be related to the local inhibition of TNFα, PGE2, and VEGF levels as similarly shown by diclofenac. The antiangiogenesis and anti-VEGF effects of Ficus carica may be correlated with its significant antioxidant potentials.

Nutritional and pharmacological importance of Ficus carica - A review

“…Leukocyte accumulation and volume of exudate were significantly inhibited by the extract. It also significantly decreased the production of TNFα, PGE2, and VEGF, while angiogenesis was significantly inhibited by all administered doses [110]. [56].The anti-inflammatory effect of petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol extracts (300 and 600 mg/kg) of the leaves of Ficus carica was studied by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and cotton pellet granuloma methods.…”

Alternative Medicine in Diabetes - Role of Angiogenesis, Oxidative Stress, and Chronic Inflammation

“…A recent in vivo study showed that leukocyte accumulation and the production of TNFα, PGE2, and VEGF were significantly decreased. Angiogenesis was significantly inhibited by all administered doses of fig extract [47]. Interestingly, the angiogenesis and inflammation parameters exerted by the extract were similar to those of diclofenac.…”

Ficus Carica and Its Constituents Role in Management of Diseases

“…Furthermore, it significantly decreased the production of tumor necrosis factor-α, prostaglandin E2, and vascular endothelial growth factor, whereas angiogenesis was significantly inhibited through all administered doses [48].…”

“…Result revealed that the extract had significant antioxidant activity with total phenolic content of 11.70 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g dry sample [48]. Furthermore, it significantly decreased the production of tumor necrosis factor-α, prostaglandin E2, and vascular endothelial growth factor, whereas angiogenesis was significantly inhibited through all administered doses [48].…”