Abstract:BackgroundAlthough preoperative chemoradiation therapy can down-stage locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), it has little effect on distant metastases. Metformin exerts an anti-cancer effect partly through the activation of host immunity. MethodLuM1, a highly lung metastatic subclone of colon 26, was injected subcutaneously in BALB/c mice and treated with metformin and/or local radiation (RT). Lung metastases and the primary tumor were evaluated and the phenotypes of immune cells in the spleen and lung metast… Show more
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