Metformin and survival of women with breast cancer: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Wang, Qiandan; Ma, Xiancang; Long, Jian-Ping; Du, Xuehui; Pan, Bin; Mao, Hongyan

doi:10.1111/jcpt.13500

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Metformin has been associated with cancer, but this interplay is poorly understood in relation to HRCs (prostate, colorectal and male breast cancer) and among men of different racial backgrounds 3,12,34,35 . Our findings are in agreement with a previous study retrospective cohort study that significant associations between metformin and incident prostate and colorectal cancers 1 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…1 However, a meta-analysis of 18 cohort studies did not show an association between metformin and prostate cancer, 12 prostate cancer mortality, 2 and another study did not show improvement in survival in women with breast cancer. 34 These differences may be mainly driven by the study design. Of note, these meta-analyses 12,36 did not analyze Black or any other racial/ethnic group as a separate group.…”

Section: Metformin Use and Prostate Colorectal And Breast Cancers And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metformin and testosterone replacement therapy inversely associated with hormone‐associated cancers (prostate, colorectal and male breast cancers) among older White and Black men

López

Malagaris

Polychronopoulou

et al. 2022

Clinical Endocrinology

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Background The independent and joint association of metformin and testosterone replacement therapy (TTh) with the incidence of prostate, colorectal, and male breast cancers remain poorly understood, including the investigation of the risk of these cancers combined (HRCs, hormone‐associated cancers) among men of different racial and ethnic background. Methods In 143,035 men (≥ 65 yrs old) of SEER‐Medicare 2007–2015, we identified White (N = 110,430), Black (N = 13,520) and Other Race (N = 19,085) men diagnosed with incident HRC. Pre‐diagnostic prescription of metformin and TTh was ascertained for this analysis. Weighted multivariable‐adjusted conditional logistic and Cox proportional hazards models were conducted. Results We found independent and joint associations of metformin and TTh with incident prostate (odds ratio [OR]joint = 0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.36–0.54) and colorectal cancers (ORjoint = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.34–0.64), but not with male breast cancer. There were also inversed joint associations of metformin and TTh with HRCs (ORjoint = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.38–0.54). Similar reduced associations with HRCs were identified among White, Black, and Other Race men. Conclusion Pre‐diagnostic use of metformin and TTh were, independently and jointly, inversely associated with incident prostate and colorectal cancers. The risk of HRCs was also reduced among White, Black and Other Race men. Greatest reduced associations of prostate and colorectal cancers and HRCs were mainly observed in combination of metformin and TTh. Larger studies are needed to confirm the independent and joint association of metformin plus TTh with these cancers in understudied and underserved populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Metformin Use and Prostate Colorectal And Breast Cancers And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metformin and testosterone replacement therapy inversely associated with hormone‐associated cancers (prostate, colorectal and male breast cancers) among older White and Black men

López

Malagaris

Polychronopoulou

et al. 2022

Clinical Endocrinology

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“…Xu et al ( 64 ) reported that the pathological complete response rate of patients with diabetes and breast cancer taking metformin was 24%, which was higher than that of patients not taking metformin (8%) and also higher than that of patients without diabetes taking metformin (16%), suggesting that metformin may improve the prognosis of breast cancer in patients with diabetes. Wang et al ( 65 ) proved through randomized controlled trials that for patients with breast cancer but without diabetes, metformin could improve the prognosis of breast cancer by reducing blood insulin and testosterone levels. Tseng ( 66 ) showed that metformin significantly reduced the incidence of prostate cancer in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus.…”

Section: Metformin As An Antitumor Candidate Drugmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metformin: A promising drug for human cancers (Review)

Huang

Zhao

et al. 2022

Oncol Lett

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Small-molecule chemical drugs are of great significance for tumor-targeted and individualized therapies. However, the development of new small-molecule drugs, from basic experimental research and clinical trials to final application in clinical practice, is a long process that has a high cost. It takes at least 5 years for most drugs to be developed in the laboratory to prove their effectiveness and safety. Compared with the development of new drugs, repurposing traditional non-tumor drugs can be a shortcut. Metformin is a good model for a new use of an old drug. In recent years, the antitumor efficacy of metformin has attracted much attention. Epidemiological data and in vivo , and in vitro experiments have shown that metformin can reduce the incidence of cancer in patients with diabetes and has a strong antagonistic effect on metabolism-related tumors. Recent studies have shown that metformin can induce autophagy in esophageal cancer cells, mainly by inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways. In recent years, studies have shown that the antitumor functions and mechanisms of metformin are multifaceted. The present study aims to review the application of metformin in tumor prevention and treatment.

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“…However, randomized trials in phase 2 trials fail to show benefit of metformin. In non-diabetic patients, no survival effect of metformin in metastatic/recurrent breast cancer was seen when used as adjunctive therapy [ 88 , 89 , 90 ].…”

Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Metformin: A Narrative Review of Its Potential Benefits for Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer and Dementia

2022

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The biguanide metformin has been used as first-line therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment for several decades. In addition to its glucose-lowering properties and its prevention of weight gain, the landmark UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) demonstrated cardioprotective properties in obese T2DM patients. Coupled with a favorable side effect profile and low cost, metformin has become the cornerstone in the treatment of T2DM worldwide. In addition, metformin is increasingly being investigated for its potential anticancer and neuroprotective properties both in T2DM patients and non-diabetic individuals. In the meantime, new drugs with powerful cardioprotective properties have been introduced and compete with metformin for its place in the treatment of T2DM. In this review we will discuss actual insights in the various working mechanisms of metformin and the evidence for its beneficial effects on (the prevention of) cardiovascular disease, cancer and dementia. In addition to observational evidence, emphasis is placed on randomized trials and recent meta-analyses to obtain an up-to-date overview of the use of metformin in clinical practice.

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Metformin and survival of women with breast cancer: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Metformin and testosterone replacement therapy inversely associated with hormone‐associated cancers (prostate, colorectal and male breast cancers) among older White and Black men

Metformin and testosterone replacement therapy inversely associated with hormone‐associated cancers (prostate, colorectal and male breast cancers) among older White and Black men

Metformin: A promising drug for human cancers (Review)

Metformin: A Narrative Review of Its Potential Benefits for Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer and Dementia

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