Metastasis to the Heart: A Radiologic Approach to Diagnosis With Pathologic Correlation

Lichtenberger, John P.; Reynolds, D. A.; Keung, Jonathan; Keung, Elaine S.; Carter, Brett W.

doi:10.2214/ajr.16.16148

Cited by 52 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the pericardium and epicardial fat should be carefully evaluated for potential clues suggesting involvement. For instance, many neoplasms invading the pericardium result in an inflammatory reaction and associated pericardial effusion (34). Myocardial invasion may be suggested by obliteration of the epicardial fat, which adheres to the myocardium (34).…”

Section: Multidetector Ctmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, many neoplasms invading the pericardium result in an inflammatory reaction and associated pericardial effusion (34). Myocardial invasion may be suggested by obliteration of the epicardial fat, which adheres to the myocardium (34). However, cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the imaging modality of choice for evaluating malignant cardiac disease.…”

Section: Multidetector Ctmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardiac MR imaging is the optimal imaging modality for evaluating the presence and extent of myocardial involvement by malignancies, given its excellent soft-tissue contrast and ability to obtain images in multiple imaging planes. The myocardium can be evaluated with T1-or T2-weighted double inversion-recovery sequences, and tumor involvement can be identified as regions of abnormal signal intensity (34). Administration of intravenous gadolinium contrast material is also helpful, as atypical gadolinium enhancement has been reported in patients with myocardial invasion (39).…”

Section: Mr Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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IASLC/ITMIG Staging System and Lymph Node Map for Thymic Epithelial Neoplasms

et al. 2017

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Thymic epithelial neoplasms are rare malignancies that arise from the thymus and include thymoma, thymic carcinoma, and thymic neuroendocrine tumors. At least 15 different stage classifications have been proposed for thymic epithelial neoplasms and used to varying degrees in clinical practice, many of which have been constructed from small groups of patients. Traditionally, the Masaoka and Masaoka-Koga staging systems have been the schemes most commonly employed, and the latter has been recommended for use by the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group (ITMIG). An official, consistent stage classification system has recently been recognized by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC), which are responsible for defining stage classifications for neoplasms. To establish this stage classification system, the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) and ITMIG amassed a large retrospective database and evaluated this group of cases to develop proposals for the eighth edition of the stage classification manuals. For this endeavor, IASLC provided funding and statistical analysis and ITMIG provided the involvement of the clinicians and researchers actively participating in the study of thymic epithelial neoplasms. To accomplish this, a Thymic Domain of the Staging and Prognostic Factors Committee (TD-SPFC) was established to formulate the rationale, methodology, and definitions of this tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system, which is presented in this article. RSNA, 2017.

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Section: Multidetector Ctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multidetector Ctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mr Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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IASLC/ITMIG Staging System and Lymph Node Map for Thymic Epithelial Neoplasms

et al. 2017

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“…1), [7] cardiac or chest nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) is useful in distinguishing compression from vascular invasion, in large lesions were this could be di cult to determine by CT. NMRI also allows the evaluation of the phrenic nerves and gives additional information about the involvement of the chest wall. [13,14,15] National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines divide thymic cancers into three categories, according to the possibility of surgical resection. A total thymectomy and complete excision of the tumor without further treatment is the recommendation for TNM stage I tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Thymus Tumors: Retrospective Case Analysis at a Reference Center in Latin America, 2011 – 2019

Scarpetta-González

Morales

Sua

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundThymic tumors are unusual neoplasms, representing 0.2% to 1.5% of tumors in humans, but correspond to 20% of mediastinal tumors and 50% of those that occur in the anterior mediastinum. They tend to appear around the fourth and fifth decades of life without gender predilection. Up to 30% of patients are asymptomatic, therefore many are incidentally diagnosed. Radical thymectomy is the treatment of choice with high survival rates when detected in the early stages. Methods This was a retrospective descriptive study, including 18 adult patients’ diagnosis of thymic neoplasm, who were managed with surgical resection from 2011 to 2019. Information about demographics, clinical characteristics, imaging findings, surgical and medical management, plus histological findings was obtained and reported. Results18 patients with thymic tumors were included, of which specific histologic studies reveled thymomas, carcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors, thymolipoma and thymic cyst. Mean age was 52.7 years, with a predominance of male population. The main symptom was dyspnea, followed by cough and chest pain. Paraneoplastic syndromes such as myasthenia gravis, aplastic anemia and Cushing syndrome were reported. 89% of cases were treated by radical thymectomy alone, while only 2 cases required chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There were no surgical complications. Mean hospital stay length was 11. 9 days, with only 1 mortality during hospital admission. 5-year survival rate was 81%. Conclusions The treatment of choice is radical thymectomy, which has been shown to positively impact patient mortality. Early detection is key to improve patient outcomes.

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“…Cardiac masses are mostly originated from metastatic spread. Lung cancer, breast cancer and non-hodgkin lymphoma are the most common origins for cardiac metastases (1,2). Malign melanoma has also high potential to metastasize especially to lungs, liver and bones.…”

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confidence: 99%

PET/CT Findings of a Patient with Cardiac Metastasis of Subungual Malign Melanoma

Ekmekçioğlu¹,

Arıcan²,

Meşe³

et al. 2019

Mirt

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Subungual malign melanom tanılı 58 yaşında erkek hasta tüm vücut 18 F-FDG pozitron emisyon tomografi (PET)/bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) görüntülemesi için birimimize başvurdu. PET/BT görüntüleri incelendiğinde kardiyak kesitlerde sol ventrikül düzeyinde fizyolojik papiller kas aktivitesine veya trombüse benzer görünümde artmış 18 F-FDG tutulumu saptandı. BT kesitlerinde ventriküler kavitede kontrast dolum defekti izlendi. PET/BT sonrasında yapılan manyetik rezonans görüntülemesi ile olguda kardiyak malign melanom metastazı ile uyumlu bulgular saptandı.

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Metastasis to the Heart: A Radiologic Approach to Diagnosis With Pathologic Correlation

Abstract: On surveillance imaging of patients with cancer or when metastatic disease is suspected, detection of metastatic disease may be greatly enhanced by an understanding of which primary tumors metastasize to the heart and the most common routes of spread.

Cited by 52 publications

References 42 publications

IASLC/ITMIG Staging System and Lymph Node Map for Thymic Epithelial Neoplasms

IASLC/ITMIG Staging System and Lymph Node Map for Thymic Epithelial Neoplasms

Primary Thymus Tumors: Retrospective Case Analysis at a Reference Center in Latin America, 2011 – 2019

PET/CT Findings of a Patient with Cardiac Metastasis of Subungual Malign Melanoma

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