Metacognitive and Metamemory Beliefs in the Development and Maintenance of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Takarangi, Melanie K. T.; Smith, R.; Strange, Deryn; Flowe, Heather D.

doi:10.1177/2167702616649348

Cited by 25 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…These findings extend the limited research into the association of metacognitions with PTSD symptoms following a traumatic event (Bardeen & Fergus, 2018;Bennett & Wells, 2010;Fergus & Bardeen, 2017;Halligan et al, 2003;Jelinek et al, 2013;Michael et al, 2007;Takarangi et al, 2017). The results supported the first hypothesis that predicted that high peritraumatic experience would be associated with higher levels of PTSD symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…These findings align with literature that has established peritraumatic distress and dissociation both as key predictors of PTSD The second and third hypotheses similarly gained support, with participants who reported a high, compared with low, level of either positive or negative metacognitive beliefs about memory reporting higher levels of PTSD symptoms. These findings extend the limited research into the association of metacognitions with PTSD symptoms following a traumatic event (Bardeen & Fergus, 2018;Bennett & Wells, 2010;Fergus & Bardeen, 2017;Halligan et al, 2003;Jelinek et al, 2013;Michael et al, 2007;Takarangi et al, 2017). Notably, whereas past studies suggested that negative metacognitive beliefs had stronger relationships to outcomes (Bardeen & Fergus, 2018;Bennet & Wells, 2010;Fergus & Bardeen, 2017;Jelinek et al, 2013), the present study found similar effect sizes for positive and negative metacognitive beliefs about the memory.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…This is a novel finding that extends the literature by focusing on the contributions of both peritraumatic experiences and metacognitive beliefs, particularly those of the negative type, rather than the influence of either one of these factors in isolation (e.g., Bennett & Wells, 2010;Takarangi et al, 2017). Participants who reported a high level of peritraumatic distress and dissociation in addition to negative or positive metacognitive beliefs demonstrated the poorest PTSD outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Indeed, research has found the presence of beliefs about the uncontrollability or danger of thoughts before a traumatic event to predict development of PTSD symptoms (Takarangi et al, 2017). Such beliefs could prolong attempts to recover perceived memory fragmentation that occurred during peritraumatic dissociation or involve increased processing of distressing emotions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few studies have examined the influence of metacognitions in the development of PTSD symptoms following trauma (Bardeen & Fergus, 2018;Bennett & Wells, 2010;Dunmore, Clark, & Ehlers, 2001;Fergus & Bardeen, 2017;Jelinek, Wittekind, Kellner, Moritz, & Muhtz, 2013;Takarangi, Smith, Strange, & Flowe, 2017). Ehlers et al have conducted several studies investigating the role of metacognitive beliefs; that is, negative appraisals about initial PTSD symptoms and emotions and their association with PTSD outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The relationship of peritraumatic distress and dissociation with beliefs about memory following natural disasters

Kannis‐Dymand

Carter

Lane

et al. 2019

Australian Psychologist

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Objective: Metacognitive models posit that beliefs about thoughts and memories influence the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms following traumatic events. This study examined the relationship of beliefs about memory with peritraumatic experiences in the development of PTSD symptoms following the Canterbury earthquakes and Queensland floods. Method: A convenience sample of individuals affected by these disasters (N = 662) was given questionnaires measuring peritraumatic distress and dissociation, beliefs about memory, and PTSD symptoms. Results:The results showed that individuals with a high level of peritraumatic distress and dissociation or high level of positive or negative beliefs about memory reported increased PTSD symptoms compared to those with a low level of the respective variable. Furthermore, peritraumatic distress and dissociation interacted with negative beliefs about memory. The difference in PTSD symptoms for those with a high compared to low level of peritraumatic distress and dissociation was elevated when individuals also reported a high level of negative beliefs about memory. This difference was diminished for individuals who reported a low level of negative beliefs about memory. Conclusions: These findings suggest that beliefs about memory may moderate the effects of peritraumatic distress and dissociation on PTSD symptoms following a natural disaster. Given that metacognitive beliefs are a modifiable risk factor, future research is warranted to consider their potential causal effects on PTSD outcomes, particularly for individuals with severe peritraumatic experiences.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The relationship of peritraumatic distress and dissociation with beliefs about memory following natural disasters

Kannis‐Dymand

Carter

Lane

et al. 2019

Australian Psychologist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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The metacognitive model of post‐traumatic stress disorder and metacognitive therapy for post‐traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review

Brown

Wood

Carter

et al. 2021

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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The metacognitive model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) implicates metacognitive beliefs, meta-memory beliefs and metacognitive control strategies in perpetuating and maintaining symptoms of PTSD. Despite this expanding area of research, the evidence for the metacognitive model of PTSD has not been reviewed.A systematic review according to the PRISMA statement was conducted. Searches across MEDLINE, PubMed and PsycNET, as well as reference lists of the included studies (2004 to March 2020), yielded 221 records. Two independent reviewers screened articles, which were included where the impact of the constructs of interest on PTSD symptoms was investigated within the framework of the metacognitive model for PTSD. Eighteen articles were included in the review. Eleven studies were determined to have good methodological robustness. Metacognitive therapy for PTSD demonstrated reductions in symptoms from pretreatment to post-treatment, which were maintained at follow-up. Predictors of greater PTSD symptom severity included metacognitive beliefs, meta-memory beliefs, and worry, punishment, thought suppression, experiential avoidance, and rumination. Overall, support was found for the validity of the metacognitive model of PTSD.

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Should Posttraumatic Stress Be a Disorder or a Specifier? Towards Improved Nosology Within the DSM Categorical Classification System

Guina

Baker

Stinson

et al. 2017

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Considering that trauma is a risk factor for virtually all mental disorders (particularly depressive, anxiety, dissociative, personality), the multi-finality of trauma (some survivors are resilient, and some develop PTS and/or non-PTS symptoms), and the various symptoms that trauma survivors express (mood, cognitive, perceptual, somatic), it is difficult to classify PTS. Because the human mind best comprehends categories, reliable classification generally necessitates using a categorical nosology but PTS defies categories (internalizing and/or externalizing, fear-based and/or numbing symptoms), the authors conclude that PTS-like DSM-5's panic attacks specifier-is currently best conceptualized as a specifier for other mental disorders.

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Metacognitive and Metamemory Beliefs in the Development and Maintenance of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Cited by 25 publications

References 31 publications

The relationship of peritraumatic distress and dissociation with beliefs about memory following natural disasters

The relationship of peritraumatic distress and dissociation with beliefs about memory following natural disasters

The metacognitive model of post‐traumatic stress disorder and metacognitive therapy for post‐traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review

Should Posttraumatic Stress Be a Disorder or a Specifier? Towards Improved Nosology Within the DSM Categorical Classification System

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