Metabolism Plays a Key Role during Macrophage Activation

Stunault, Marion I.; Bories, Gaël; Guinamard, Rodolphe; Ivanov, Stoyan

doi:10.1155/2018/2426138

Cited by 63 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…In summary, active manipulation of amino acid metabolism is a strategy widely used by different classes of pathogens to modulate and suppress host innate immune responses. In addition to the amino acids described here, others, such as glutamine and glycine, also play important roles in immune responses [95,96]. Whether pathogens target their metabolism too, to modulate immune responses is still on open question.…”

Section: Asparaginementioning

confidence: 94%

Pathogens MenTORing Macrophages and Dendritic Cells: Manipulation of mTOR and Cellular Metabolism to Promote Immune Escape

Nouwen

Everts

2020

Cells

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Myeloid cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells, represent an important first line of defense against infections. Upon recognition of pathogens, these cells undergo a metabolic reprogramming that supports their activation and ability to respond to the invading pathogens. An important metabolic regulator of these cells is mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). During infection, pathogens use host metabolic pathways to scavenge host nutrients, as well as target metabolic pathways for subversion of the host immune response that together facilitate pathogen survival. Given the pivotal role of mTOR in controlling metabolism and DC and macrophage function, pathogens have evolved strategies to target this pathway to manipulate these cells. This review seeks to discuss the most recent insights into how pathogens target DC and macrophage metabolism to subvert potential deleterious immune responses against them, by focusing on the metabolic pathways that are known to regulate and to be regulated by mTOR signaling including amino acid, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and autophagy.

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Section: Asparaginementioning

confidence: 94%

Pathogens MenTORing Macrophages and Dendritic Cells: Manipulation of mTOR and Cellular Metabolism to Promote Immune Escape

Nouwen

Everts

2020

Cells

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“…Regulation of macrophage metabolic activity in the context of efferocytosis (Figure 2) is of major importance for the outcome of inflammation resolution and tissue repair (99). Following engulfment, macrophages degrade the apoptotic material through phagolysosomal activity (100,101), resulting in substantial metabolic load and influence on macrophage metabolism (17).…”

Section: Metabolic Modulation Of Macrophage Function In the Context Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lipids deriving from the apoptotic cargo are abundant postengulfment digestion products (17); lipid metabolism induces activation of the nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor (PPAR) gamma and delta, LXR alpha and beta and retinoid × receptor (RXR) alpha and beta (107) in macrophages (Figure 2). Activation of these transcription factors promotes upregulation of phagocytic receptors and bridging molecules and the resolving macrophage phenotype.…”

Section: Metabolic Modulation Of Macrophage Function In the Context Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, efferocytosis also promotes immunometabolic reprograming in macrophages (17) ( Figure 2). For example, digestion of the engulfed apoptotic cargo through phagolysosomal activity results in a load of lipid components derived from the apoptotic cell membranes that is linked to enhanced fatty acid oxidation and regulates macrophage function (17)(18)(19). The mechanisms underlying apoptotic cell removal by macrophages as well as the immunometabolic alterations in efferocytic macrophages during inflammation resolution is the focus of the present review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells in Resolution of Inflammation

2020

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Efficient inflammation resolution is important not only for the termination of the inflammatory response but also for the restoration of tissue integrity. An integral process to resolution of inflammation is the phagocytosis of dying cells by macrophages, known as efferocytosis. This function is mediated by a complex and well-orchestrated network of interactions amongst specialized phagocytic receptors, bridging molecules, as well as "find-me" and "eat-me" signals. Efferocytosis serves not only as a waste disposal mechanism (clearance of the apoptotic cells) but also promotes a pro-resolving phenotype in efferocytic macrophages and thereby termination of inflammation. Alterations in cellular metabolism are critical for shaping the phenotype and function of efferocytic macrophages, thus, representing an important determinant of macrophage plasticity. Impaired efferocytosis can result in inflammation-associated pathologies or autoimmunity. The present mini review summarizes current knowledge regarding the mechanisms regulating macrophage efferocytosis during clearance of inflammation.

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“…Intestinal bacteria and fungi can alter the immune system in determining the response to radiation. It was shown that during macrophage polarization, the metabolic situation of the cell would be changed (131). Radiotherapy response or resistance is highly dependent on tumor microenvironment (TME).…”

Section: Microbe-chemo Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome and Breast Cancer: New Role for an Ancient Population

et al. 2020

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There are many risk factors associated with breast cancer (BC) such as the familial history of BC, using hormone replacement therapy, obesity, personal habits, and other clinical factors; however, not all BC cases are attributed to these risk factors. Recent researches show a correlation between patient microbiome and BC suggested as a new risk factor. The present review article aimed at evaluating the role of the microbiome as a risk factor in the occurrence of BC, investigating the proposed mechanisms of interaction between the microbiome and human genes involved in BC, and assessing the impact of the altered composition of breast, gut, and milk microbiome in the physiological status of normal breast as well as cancerous or non-cancerous breast lesions. The study also evaluated the growing evidence that these altered populations may hinder chemotherapeutic treatment. The role of microbiome in the development and maintenance of inflammation, estrogen metabolism, and epigenetic alterations was properly investigated. Finally, clinical and therapeutic applications of the microbiome-e.g., probiotics, microbiome genome modulation, and engineered microbiome enzymes in the management of BC were reviewed.

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Metabolism Plays a Key Role during Macrophage Activation

Cited by 63 publications

References 83 publications

Pathogens MenTORing Macrophages and Dendritic Cells: Manipulation of mTOR and Cellular Metabolism to Promote Immune Escape

Pathogens MenTORing Macrophages and Dendritic Cells: Manipulation of mTOR and Cellular Metabolism to Promote Immune Escape

Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells in Resolution of Inflammation

Microbiome and Breast Cancer: New Role for an Ancient Population

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