Metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents from Southern Italy: Contribution from the Calabrian Sierras Community Study (CSCS)

Martino, Francesco De; Puddu, Paolo Emilio; Pannarale, Giuseppe; Colantoni, Chiara; Zanoni, Cristina; Martino, Eliana; Barillà, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.09.020

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…Prevalence of MetS in Southern Italy is reported to be~25% in young adults [23] and~65% in older women after menopause [28]; of note, the area of assessment might slightly impact the occurrence of MetS [29]. Our population showed overall a prevalence of 35%, and we consider this number to be fairly representative, given the large age range (from 30 to 80 years) of our population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…To verify this hypothesis, it is crucial to compare populations that present similar dietary patterns that derive from different sources (i.e., retail market vs. locally grown food). In this sense, Southern Italy features examples of urbanization, where retail food is the most important source of food, which is the opposite to rural areas, where consuming locally grown, seasonal vegetables, as well as meat of courtyard animals is a fairly regular habit [28,29,37]. These contrasting local food environments, somehow superimposed on the Mediterranean diet, represent a unique setting to test the impact on health phenotypes, such as intermediate metabolism and cardiovascular risk [4,38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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We are What We Eat: Impact of Food from Short Supply Chain on Metabolic Syndrome

Santulli

Pascale

Finelli

et al. 2019

JCM

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Food supply in the Mediterranean area has been recently modified by big retail distribution; for instance, industrial retail has favored shipments of groceries from regions that are intensive producers of mass food, generating a long supply chain (LSC) of food that opposes short supply chains (SSCs) that promote local food markets. However, the actual functional role of food retail and distribution in the determination of the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not been studied hitherto. The main aim of this study was to test the effects of food chain length on the prevalence of MetS in a population accustomed to the Mediterranean diet. We conducted an observational study in Southern Italy on individuals adhering to the Mediterranean diet. We examined a total of 407 subjects (41% females) with an average age of 56 ± 14.5 years (as standard deviation) and found that being on the Mediterranean diet with a SSC significantly reduces the prevalence of MetS compared with the LSC (SSC: 19.65%, LSC: 31.46%; p: 0.007). Our data indicate for the first time that the length of food supply chain plays a key role in determining the risk of MetS in a population adhering to the Mediterranean diet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

We are What We Eat: Impact of Food from Short Supply Chain on Metabolic Syndrome

Santulli

Pascale

Finelli

et al. 2019

JCM

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“…These are the same metabolic parameters that are altered in the metabolic syndrome, which in adults has been shown to increase risk of type 2 diabetes and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In children, the criteria for diagnosing metabolic syndrome are greatly debated [32,42]. However, our data suggest that overweight preschoolers are already developing the metabolic syndrome no matter which criteria used [32,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…In children, the criteria for diagnosing metabolic syndrome are greatly debated [32,42]. However, our data suggest that overweight preschoolers are already developing the metabolic syndrome no matter which criteria used [32,42]. These studies need to be replicated in a larger, more diverse population of preschoolers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Among children aged 5 years and older in two separate studies from Italy and Bogalusa, LA observed a number of cardiovascular risk factors including higher blood pressure, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and fasting blood glucose in children with higher WCHtR [30,31]. In a study of 6-14 year old children from 14 towns in Calabria, Italy, the authors found a correlation between waist circumference to height ratio and triglyceride to HDL ratio [32]. In our population, the overweight or obese children are already demonstrating a WCHtR that is 0.05 units higher (p<0.001) than the normal weight children with a positive correlation with CRP levels and HOMA-IR and a negative correlation with cardiovascular protective HDL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Anthropometric and Metabolic Characteristics of Overweight and Normal Weight Preschoolers: a Cross-Sectional Study

Bethin¹

2015

OCTOA

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Objective: The aims of this study were to determine metabolic characteristics of normal weight and overweight 2-5 year old children and to collect data pertinent to energy intake. Design and methods: Study participants (2-5years) (n=103) were recruited when they arrived for full mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia. Height and weight were measured. After induction of anesthesia, waist circumference was measured and fasting bloods drawn (lipids, glucose, insulin and CRP). BMI, WCHtR and HOMA-IR were calculated. Metabolic and anthropometric characteristics were compared between normal and overweight children. Statistical comparisons were performed using two-sided t-tests or chi-square test. Block food frequency questionnaires were completed by the caretakers. Results: 34.4% (n =33) of participants were overweight. WCHtR was 0.05 units higher and both LDL and total cholesterol were high in the overweight group. WCHtR positively correlated with BMI z-score, WC, HOMA-IR, insulin, glucose, and CRP (r=0.75, 0.67, 0.31, 0.29, 0.25, 0.32, 0.33, respectively) and negatively correlated with HDL (r=-0.30). Conclusions: Among 2-5 year old with poor dental health, the prevalence of BMI ≥ 85 th percentile is very high and abnormalities in cardiovascular risk factors are already present. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating an association between waist circumference to height ratio and CRP and insulin resistance in children less than 5 years. Overweight preschoolers should be screened for associated cardiovascular markers such as abnormal lipid profile.

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Comparison of definitions for the metabolic syndrome in adolescents. The HELENA study

et al. 2017

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The different definitions do not classify the same adolescents as having MS and prevalence varied between diagnostic methods. The modified NCEP-ATP and the AHA definitions were most analogous in defining subjects as having metabolic syndrome or not. What is known? • Metabolic syndrome is not only a problem of adulthood but is already present in children and adolescents. • Several diagnostic methods are used to define metabolic syndrome in adolescents. What is new? • Comparing the most frequently used definitions of metabolic syndrome in adolescents showed that they do not indicate the same adolescents as having metabolic syndrome. • The modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III and the pediatric American Heart Association definitions were most analogous in defining subjects as having metabolic syndrome or not.

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Metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents from Southern Italy: Contribution from the Calabrian Sierras Community Study (CSCS)

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

We are What We Eat: Impact of Food from Short Supply Chain on Metabolic Syndrome

We are What We Eat: Impact of Food from Short Supply Chain on Metabolic Syndrome

Anthropometric and Metabolic Characteristics of Overweight and Normal Weight Preschoolers: a Cross-Sectional Study

Comparison of definitions for the metabolic syndrome in adolescents. The HELENA study

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