MERCOSUR: What You See Is Not (Always) What You Get

Gardini, Gian Luca

doi:10.1111/j.1468-0386.2011.00573.x

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Thus, international agreements demand a double approval: first, when they are negotiated and signed; followed by internal ratification. Particularly in the case of Mercosur, its intergovernmental framework demands consensus on every decision, not only to negotiate a new act but also in the ratification phase (Pennetta 2009; Gardini 2011). Therefore, to implement the agreements, domestic bodies need to ratify them.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The National Legislatures in the Enlargement of Mercosur: Paraguay’s Acceptance of Venezuela and Bolivia

Araujo

2023

Lat Am Polit Soc

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Regional integration blocs are subject to the admission of new members, which must be approved by domestic institutions. This article analyzes how the incorporation of Venezuela and Bolivia into Mercosur passed in the Paraguayan Congress. While the first case lasted from 2007 to 2013, demonstrating parliamentary opposition, the second episode took place between 2015 and 2016, suggesting convergence between the executive and legislative branches on the issue. Using process tracing, the unveiled mechanism shows how government and opposition forces act to alter the duration of the bill in Congress and that political parties have a pendular behavior according to political cleavages. Moreover, the findings of this study suggest the existence of a parliamentary veto power in foreign affairs and the importance of having homogeneous coalitions to achieve faster approvals.

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Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The National Legislatures in the Enlargement of Mercosur: Paraguay’s Acceptance of Venezuela and Bolivia

Araujo

2023

Lat Am Polit Soc

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“…Additionally, Mercosur has suffered from member states' lack of compliance with agreed measures, 66 which made the bloc an imperfect customs union prone to trade disputes. 67 The 1999-2000 crisis was triggered by the Asian financial crisis, an exogenous event that caused a recession in Brazil, and created incentives to take back control of trade policy through unilateral measures that violated Mercosur's rules. In January 1999, the Brazilian government unilaterally devaluated its national currency by 40%.…”

Section: The 1999-2000 Crisis Of Mercosurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience to crisis and resistance to change: a comparative analysis of the determinants of crisis outcomes in Latin American regional organisations

Agostinis

Nolte

2021

International Relations

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Latin American regionalism displays a long history of crises, which have affected almost all regional organisations (ROs) across different waves of regionalism. The article conducts the first comparative analysis of the outcomes of crises in Latin American ROs across time, tackling the following questions: What have been the outcomes of the crises faced by Latin American ROs? Under what conditions does a crisis result in the survival or breakdown of the affected RO in Latin America? We adopt a multi-method approach that combines QCA with process tracing to identify the causal pathways to the survival or breakdown of ROs across a universe of eight crises. The findings show that Latin American ROs have been resilient to crises, which resulted in RO survival in seven cases out of eight. The QCA reveals how the distributive nature of interstate conflicts and the availability of majority voting are both sufficient conditions for Latin American ROs to survive a crisis. Analysis of the outlier case of UNASUR shows that normative conflicts that take place in the absence of majority voting constitute a ‘perfect storm’ configuration that can lead to RO breakdown. The findings also show that Latin America ROs’ tendency to survive crises is associated with the preservation of the status quo in terms of institutional design, which in some cases is achieved through the temporary flexibilisation of existing rules. Differently from the case of the EU, then, the crises of Latin American ROs have not led to the deepening of regional integration, but rather to institutional inertia.

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“…This relational dimension also introduces a potential uncertainty to the game, related to the question of rule compliance. As Gardini argues for the Southern Common Market (Mercosur), “what you see is not (always) what you get” (Gardini, ). The sociology of organizations and sociological institutionalism remind us that rules are ambiguous and equivocal (Crozier & Friedberg, ; Mahoney & Thelen, ).…”

Section: The Analytical Framework Research Design and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview and Assessment of Performance of the Central American Presidential Summit

Parthenay¹

2019

Latin American Policy

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This article evaluates the performance of the Central American Presidential Summit, based on a political sociology approach of regionalism, and the concepts of political authority and rules compliance. The trajectory of the Presidential Summits since 1986, is examined through a theoretical approximation inspired by international relations sociologists and by applying an inductive methodology. The results indicate that almost since its creation, the Central American Presidential Summit did not achieve full operability according to its institutional design and diplomatic practices. The evidence suggests that presidential summits do not act as the driver of Central American regionalism. The article affirms that the weak political will from the member states explains the limited institutional performance of the Central American Integration System.

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MERCOSUR: What You See Is Not (Always) What You Get

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

The National Legislatures in the Enlargement of Mercosur: Paraguay’s Acceptance of Venezuela and Bolivia

The National Legislatures in the Enlargement of Mercosur: Paraguay’s Acceptance of Venezuela and Bolivia

Resilience to crisis and resistance to change: a comparative analysis of the determinants of crisis outcomes in Latin American regional organisations

An Overview and Assessment of Performance of the Central American Presidential Summit

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