Memory for faces with emotional expressions in Alzheimer’s disease and healthy older participants: positivity effect is not only due to familiarity

Sava, Alina-Alexandra; Krolak‐Salmon, Pierre; Delphin-Combe, Floriane; Cloarec, Morgane; Chainay, Hanna

doi:10.1080/13825585.2016.1143444

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…As memory for trust-related social interactions may incorporate emotional responses from such interactions, further studies are required to establish whether social and emotional aspects of experienced events may independently enhance memory. Moreover, the specificity of the social enhancement effect for trustworthy but not untrustworthy faces is an intriguing result, and adds to an increasing number of studies that demonstrate a positivity memory bias in AD (Sava, Krolak-Salmon, Delphin-Combe, Cloarec, & Chainay, 2016;Sava et al, 2015;Werheid, McDonald, Simmons-Stern, Ally, & Budson, 2011;Zhang, Ho, & Fung, 2015). As such, our findings highlight the importance of further research to investigate this positivity memory bias in face memory, especially given the potential therapeutic implications in supporting memory for social interactions in AD patients.…”

Section: Profile Of Performance In Adsupporting

confidence: 55%

Should I trust you? Learning and memory of social interactions in dementia

et al. 2017

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Social relevance has an enhancing effect on learning and subsequent memory retrieval. The ability to learn from and remember social interactions may impact on susceptibility to financial exploitation, which is elevated in individuals with dementia. The current study aimed to investigate learning and memory of social interactions, the relationship between performance and financial vulnerability and the neural substrates underpinning performance in 14 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 20 behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) patients and 20 age-matched healthy controls. On a "trust game" task, participants invested virtual money with counterparts who acted either in a trustworthy or untrustworthy manner over repeated interactions. A non-social "lottery" condition was also included. Participants' learning of trust/distrust responses and subsequent memory for the counterparts and nature of the interactions was assessed. Carer-rated profiles of financial vulnerability were also collected. Relative to controls, both patient groups showed attenuated learning of trust/distrust responses, and lower overall memory for social interactions. Despite poor learning performance, both AD and bvFTD patients showed better memory of social compared to non-social interactions. Importantly, better memory for social interactions was associated with lower financial vulnerability in AD, but not bvFTD. Learning and memory of social interactions was associated with medial temporal and temporoparietal atrophy in AD, whereas a wider network of frontostriatal, insular, fusiform and medial temporal regions was implicated in bvFTD. Our findings suggest that although social relevance influences memory to an extent in both AD and bvFTD, this is associated with vulnerability to financial exploitation in AD only, and is underpinned by changes to different neural substrates. Theoretically, these findings provide novel insights into potential mechanisms that give rise to vulnerability in people with dementia, and open avenues for possible interventions.

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Section: Profile Of Performance In Adsupporting

confidence: 55%

Should I trust you? Learning and memory of social interactions in dementia

et al. 2017

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“…18 This positivity bias has been demonstrated in multiple other emotion processing paradigms, including those examining autobiographical memory, 19,20 working memory, 21 attention to emotional faces 22 and recall of facial expressions. 23 Evidence also shows that older adults are slower and less accurate in studies investigating the effects of ageing on face perception by using tasks such as face detection, 24 face identification 25,26 and emotion recognition. [27][28][29] Several theories attempt to explain this bias.…”

Section: Changes In Emotion Processing In Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion processing in depression and anxiety disorders in older adults: systematic review

2020

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Background Emotional cognition and effective interpretation of affective information is an important factor in social interactions and everyday functioning, and difficulties in these areas may contribute to aetiology and maintenance of mental health conditions. In younger people with depression and anxiety, research suggests significant alterations in behavioural and brain activation aspects of emotion processing, with a tendency to appraise neutral stimuli as negative and attend preferentially to negative stimuli. However, in ageing, research suggests that emotion processing becomes subject to a ‘positivity effect’, whereby older people attend more to positive than negative stimuli. Aims This review examines data from studies of emotion processing in Late-Life Depression and Late-Life Anxiety to attempt to understand the significance of emotion processing variations in these conditions, and their interaction with changes in emotion processing that occur with ageing. Method We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Articles that used an emotion-based processing task, examined older persons with depression or an anxiety disorder and included a healthy control group were included. Results In Late-Life Depression, there is little consistent behavioural evidence of impaired emotion processing, but there is evidence of altered brain circuitry during these processes. In Late-Life Anxiety and Post-Traumatic Stress disorder, there is evidence of interference with processing of negative or threat-related words. Conclusions How these findings fit with the positivity bias of ageing is not clear. Future research is required in larger groups, further examining the interaction between illness and age and the significance of age at disease onset.

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“…Studies have examined the positivity effect in attention, short-term memory [10], autobiographical memory [11,12], and even working memory [13] using a wide range of experimental paradigms, from eye-tracking [14,15,16•] to neuroimaging [17••, 18]. The effect has been shown in many different contexts including attention to emotional faces [19], recall of facial expressions [20], memory for health information [21,22••], focusing more on positive than negative old age stereotypes [23], and the interpretation of socially ambiguous situations [24•]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The positivity effect: a negativity bias in youth fades with age

Carstensen

DeLiema

2018

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

249

149

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Relative to younger adults, older adults attend to and remember positive information more than negative information. This shift from a negativity bias in younger age to a preference for positive information in later life is termed the ‘positivity effect.’ Based on nearly two decades of research and recent evidence from neuroscience, we argue that the effect reflects age-related changes in motivation that direct behavior and cognitive processing rather than neural or cognitive decline. Understanding the positivity effect, including conditions that reduce and enhance it, can inform effective public health and educational messages directed at older people.

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Memory for faces with emotional expressions in Alzheimer’s disease and healthy older participants: positivity effect is not only due to familiarity

Cited by 20 publications

References 85 publications

Should I trust you? Learning and memory of social interactions in dementia

Should I trust you? Learning and memory of social interactions in dementia

Emotion processing in depression and anxiety disorders in older adults: systematic review

The positivity effect: a negativity bias in youth fades with age

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