Membranous Particles in Calcifying Cartilage Matrix*,†

Anderson, H. Clarke; Matsuzawa, Takeo; Sajdera, Stanley W.; Ali, S. Y.

doi:10.1111/j.2164-0947.1970.tb02737.x

Cited by 78 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Acid phosphatase was released in a pattern similar to that of nucleic acid, suggesting that it is an intracellular enzyme . The release of alkaline phosphatase paralleled that of hexosamine, suggesting that this enzyme, too, is primarily extracellular as recently described (31) . Of the total activity of alkaline phosphatase, however, approximately 157o was associated with the intact chondrocytes and, to a much lesser extent, with the final undigested residue .…”

Section: Digestion Of Cartilage and Isolation Of Chondrocytessupporting

confidence: 75%

“…The functional significance of this anatomic specialization remains obscure . It is of interest that alkaline phosphatase, another enzyme implicated in the process of calcification and whose precise role in this process is imperfectly understood, also appears to be primarily extracellular in cartilage (31) .…”

Section: Digestion Of Cartilage and Isolation Of Chondrocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lysozyme in Epiphyseal Cartilage

Kuettner

Eisenstein

Soble

et al. 1971

The Journal of Cell Biology

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The localization of chick embryonic lysozyme was determined by two techniques : by studying the rate of release from the tissue during sequential enzymatic digestion and by immunocytochemistry . Both techniques indicate that, in this tissue, lysozyme is primarily extracellular . Cartilage lysozyme was isolated and partially characterized and found to be identical with egg white lysozyme in its immunologic and enzymatic behavior . In addition, a method for the isolation of large numbers of viable chondrocytes is described .As a further step in the study of the role of lysozyme in cartilage, a series of experiments on intact cartilage and isolated chondrocytes from chick embryos was undertaken to determine its precise distribution as well as to partly characterize it . We here report data from this study indicating that over 99% of chick embryonic cartilage lysozyme is extracellular. In addition, certain properties of cartilage lysozyme, including its immunologic identity with hen's egg white lysozyme, are described as well as a digestion procedure for the isolation of chondrocytes in sufficient numbers for biochemical assays .

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Section: Digestion Of Cartilage and Isolation Of Chondrocytessupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Digestion Of Cartilage and Isolation Of Chondrocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lysozyme in Epiphyseal Cartilage

Kuettner

Eisenstein

Soble

et al. 1971

The Journal of Cell Biology

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“…Electron probe microanalysis and electron diffraction are now being used to determine the maturation sequence of the mineral phase with respect to some of the facets of its location within the demirays. From the present work, no apparent association exists between the mineral phase and extracellular vesicles found in distal fin bud regions, a result different from that described during calcification of epiphyseal growth plate cartilage in many species (Anderson, 1976;Anderson et al, 1970;Bonucci and Dearden, 1976) and during primary membranous ossification of the gill arch in the eel (Lopez et al, 1978). Indeed, in addition to the absence of dense needles or rods within vesicles as reported in epiphyseal cartilage and the gill arch, those extracellular vesicles that are observed in the fin bud of S. gairdneri are also dissimilar in size, shape, and electron density to the cellular projections found in rat predentin (Bernard, 1972) and to the membrane-bound extracellular structures reported during tooth development of the killifish (Yamada and Ozawa, 1978).…”

Section: Bone Formationcontrasting

confidence: 51%

The fine structure of the developing pelvic fin dermal skeleton in the trout Salmo gairdneri

Géraudie

Landis

1982

Am. J. Anat.

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The morphogenetic and ultrastructural features of the dermal skeleton in the pelvic fin bud of a teleost, the rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri, have been examined by light and electron microscopy. The principal structural components observed are lepidotrichia and actinotrichia. Lepidotrichia consist of two parallel and symmetrical bony demirays that form jointed segments within the fin. The demirays calcify in a proximodistal direction within the extracellular collagen network of the basal lamella belonging to the epidermal-dermal interface of the fin. Needle- and plate-like particles of a solid mineral phase appear to be associated with the collagen fibrils and with a fine, granular, interfibrillar material central to the demirays. Cellular processes and membrane-bound vesicles are absent from the regions of calcification. During fin growth, the bony, acellular lepidotrichia are separated from the epidermal-dermal interface by infiltrating mesenchymal cells in proximal fin regions; in distal areas, the lepidotrichia remain within the basal lamella. The actinotrichia are extensive unmineralized rods of elastoidin that occupy the distal margin of the fin and precede the differentiation of lepidotrichia. Once the lepidotrichia form, actinotrichia lie preferentially between their demirays. In some instances, structural interactions are suggested between actinotrichia and lepidotrichia. Considerations of embryologic and structural features of fin components fail to support the hypothesis that individual segments of lepidotrichia are modified scales in all fish.

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“…It is well established now that bone mineralization is under cellular control (29). In fish, however, in c o n t r a d i s t i n c t i o n to other vertebrates, matrix vesicles (the n u c l e a t i o n site for mineral) appear very numerous in secondary o s t e o b l a s t i c accretion (30).…”

Section: N O T E T H a Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradoxical effect of 1.25 dihydroxycholecalciferol on osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity in the skeleton of the eelAnguilla anguilla L

et al. 1980

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Female mature eels (300 to 500 g) received one intraperitoneal injection of 1.25(OH)2D3 (10 microgram). Their vertebral bone was compared, 8 h and 24 h after the injection, with vertebral bone of control mature female eels receiving solvent alone (ethanol). Sexual maturation in female eels induces a bone decalcification with hypercalcaemia and hyperphosphataemia. The control eels showed marked osteoclastic resorption and osteocytic osteolysis and the degree of mineralization of the intercellular substance decreased. Injection of 1.25 (OH)2D3 into these female mature eels provoked as early as 8 h: 1) an increase in hypercalcaemia and hyperphosphataemia; 2) a major conversion of lining cells to osteoblasts and a stimulation of osteoblastic activity with new bone formation; 3) diminished osteoclastic resorption without changing osteocytic osteolysis or bone matrix mineralization.

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Membranous Particles in Calcifying Cartilage Matrix*,†

Cited by 78 publications

References 27 publications

Lysozyme in Epiphyseal Cartilage

Lysozyme in Epiphyseal Cartilage

The fine structure of the developing pelvic fin dermal skeleton in the trout Salmo gairdneri

Paradoxical effect of 1.25 dihydroxycholecalciferol on osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity in the skeleton of the eelAnguilla anguilla L

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