Melt rheology analysis through experimental and constitutional mechanical models of exfoliated graphene based polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites

Chakraborty, Gourhari; Bhattacharjee, Sayan Kumar; Katiyar, Vimal; Pugazhenthi, G.

doi:10.1007/s10965-022-03353-3

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…As the mixing time has decreased to 1 min, a small deviation from linearity is observed at lower frequencies. 63 Figure 11 shows Cole-Cole plots (ƞ 00 -ƞ 0 ) of the samples. The height of semi-arcs has increased with mixing time.…”

Section: Rheological Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employing impedance spectroscopy to investigate electrical conduction mechanism in polymer composite blends containing conductive masterbatch: PP/EVA/ (PP-g-MA/MWCNTS)

Dadashi

Motlagh

2023

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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Impedance spectroscopy analysis has been employed to investigate the effect of melt mixing time on electrical conduction mechanism, direct contact or electron tunneling, of a polymer blend using a conductive masterbatch. A novel approach is proposed to correlate the dispersion/distribution states of conductive nanoparticles within the phases, achieved through kinetic control of the conductive masterbatch, and their impedance properties. A blend of polypropylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (PP/EVA) was considered as a case study for the matrix. An electrically conductive masterbatch of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in polypropylene-grafted-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) was added to the blend. The masterbatch in varying amounts was mixed with PP/EVA in a range of 1 min–4.5 min. The co-continuous morphology of the ternary polymer blend was validated via scanning electron microscopy micrographs. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) results showed that as the mixing time of the masterbatch increases the interconnected structures within the conductive interphase decrease. Impedance spectroscopy using alternating current was employed to probe the conduction mechanism in the composite blends. The impedance spectroscopy results revealed that for samples with low mixing time, a dielectric relaxation peak occurs at high frequencies due to the existence of more conductive pathways as a consequence of the interconnected structures of the masterbatch phase. Also, the major contribution of conductance was direct contact in the samples with low mixing times while electron tunneling mechanism was considerable for the samples with high mixing times. Dielectric constant was increased as a result of interfacial polarization boosting with mixing time. The percolation threshold was considerably decreased from 0.95 v% for simultaneous direct mixing method to 0.16 v% for the masterbatch method.

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Section: Rheological Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employing impedance spectroscopy to investigate electrical conduction mechanism in polymer composite blends containing conductive masterbatch: PP/EVA/ (PP-g-MA/MWCNTS)

Dadashi

Motlagh

2023

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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“…Part (b) of Figure 17 provides a closer look at the low‐frequency region of the Cole–Cole plot for better analysis. In the case of virgin PBAT and EVOH, a circular arc can be observed, indicating a homogeneous phase structure 50 . The circular arc for EVOH is wider than that of PBAT due to its higher molecular weight.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In the case of virgin PBAT and EVOH, a circular arc can be observed, indicating a homogeneous phase structure. 50 The circular arc for EVOH is wider than that of PBAT due to its higher molecular weight. However, deviations from the perfect arc can be seen in the PBAT/ EVOH virgin blend and their blends with different amounts of pMDI.…”

Section: Rheological Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly efficient reactive compatibilization of biodegradable PBAT/EVOH blend by pMDI

Soltani,

Motlagh,

Elhamnia

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polymeric methylene diphenyl isocyanate (pMDI) was used as a reactive compatibilizer to improve the mechanical properties of the PBAT/EVOH blend. Initially, pMDI was blended with pure polymers. Adding pMDI led to a 10‐fold rise in the viscosity of PBAT/pMDI compared to pure PBAT, with an enhancement in tensile properties, attributed to pMDI's chain‐extending effect in the PBAT phase. Conversely, a reduction in the elongation at the break of EVOH/pMDI indicated a cross‐linking role for pMDI in the EVOH phase. Notably, the blend with 1 wt% of pMDI showed a high tensile strength of 38 MPa by route II, much above 13.5 MPa for the one prepared by route I, and 14 MPa for the blank PBAT/EVOH blend without pMDI. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, FE‐SEM images, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) results confirmed the occurrence of effective reactions in route II. Modification of the blend with pMDI decreased the crystallinity of EVOH, the size of EVOH droplets, and the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of the blends. However, an increase in the pMDI content above 0.5 wt% decreased OTR. Therefore, the modified blends of PBAT/EVOH with pMDI can be used as an efficient compatibilizer or adhesive layer in PBAT/EVOH blends or multilayer films for agricultural or food packaging applications.

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“…This method has the advantage of being facile and inexpensive but the elevated temperature involved in the process can degrade the graphene-based filler. [38,73] Kim et al [74] prepared PLA/graphene composites using melt blending. Graphene was exfoliated in a solvent and added to melted PLA followed by cooling to solidify the mixture.…”

Section: Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The approach entails the simultaneous blending of the two components, followed by solidification and cooling of the mixture, resulting in a homogeneous mixture of polymers and graphene, leading to better graphene dispersion within the polymer matrix. This method has the advantage of being facile and inexpensive but the elevated temperature involved in the process can degrade the graphene‐based filler [38,73] …”

Section: Overview Of Pla/graphene Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advancements in biomedical application of polylactic acid/graphene nanocomposites: An overview

Adekoya,

Ezika,

Adekoya

et al. 2023

BMEMat

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Polylactic acid (PLA)‐graphene nanocomposites have attracted significant attention in the biomedical field because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and excellent mechanical properties. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent developments in the biomedical applications of PLA/graphene nanocomposites. The discussed applications include tissue engineering, drug delivery, biomedical imaging and sensing, antimicrobial and anticancer treatments, and photothermal and photodynamic therapies. The properties and synthesis of these nanocomposites are also addressed. This review shows that although significant advancements have been made in the development of biomedical applications for PLA/graphene nanocomposites, further research is still required to overcome the existing challenges and limitations, such as improving biocompatibility and biodegradability and optimizing synthesis and processing methods. Despite these challenges, the potential of PLA/graphene nanocomposites in the biomedical field is significant and holds promise for future advancements.

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Melt rheology analysis through experimental and constitutional mechanical models of exfoliated graphene based polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites

Cited by 6 publications

References 43 publications

Employing impedance spectroscopy to investigate electrical conduction mechanism in polymer composite blends containing conductive masterbatch: PP/EVA/ (PP-g-MA/MWCNTS)

Employing impedance spectroscopy to investigate electrical conduction mechanism in polymer composite blends containing conductive masterbatch: PP/EVA/ (PP-g-MA/MWCNTS)

Highly efficient reactive compatibilization of biodegradable PBAT/EVOH blend by pMDI

Recent advancements in biomedical application of polylactic acid/graphene nanocomposites: An overview

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