Melatonin from slow-release implants did not influence the gene expression of the lipopolysaccharide receptor complex in the choroid plexus of seasonally anoestrous adult ewes subjected or not to a systemic inflammatory stimulus

Kowalewska, Marta; Szczepkowska, Aleksandra; Herman, Andrzej Przemysław; Pellicer-Rubio, M T; Jałyński, M.; Skipor, Janina

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.11.018

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…It should be mentioned, that leptin had no effect on TLR4 , which is known as an LPS receptor [ 48 ]. However, TLR4 expression increased under LPS-challenge, what was in agreement with our previous studies [ 49 ]. This increase was stronger during SD than LD, which was discussed in our recent work [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Photoperiod Affects Leptin Action on the Choroid Plexus in Ewes Challenged with Lipopolysaccharide—Study on the mRNA Level

Szczepkowska

Kowalewska

Krawczyńska

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The ovine choroid plexus (ChP) expresses the long isoform of the leptin receptor, which makes this structure a potential target for leptin action. In sheep, leptin concentration in plasma is higher during long days (LD) than short days (SD). This study evaluates the influence a of photoperiod on leptin impact on the gene expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), proinflammatory cytokines (IL1B, IL6), their receptors (IL1R1, IL1R2, ILRN, IL6R, IL6ST) and inflammasome components necessary for pro-IL-1β activation (NLRP3, PYCARD, CASP1), chemokine (CCL2), leptin receptor isoforms (LEPRa, LEPRb) and a suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS3) in the ChP of ewes treated or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Studies were conducted on adult female sheep divided into four groups (n = 6 in each): control, leptin (20 μg/kg), LPS (400 ng/kg), and LPS and leptin injected under SD and LD photoperiods. The leptin alone did not affect the gene expression but in co-treatment with LPS increased (p < 0.05) IL1B but only during SD, and SOCS3, IL1R2, IL1RN, IL6ST and CCL2 only during LD, and decreased (p < 0.05) the IL1R1 expression only during SD photoperiod. This indicates that the immunomodulatory action of leptin on the ChP is manifested only under the LPS challenge and is photoperiodically dependent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Plasma cortisol and prolactin concentrations were determined according to the method previously described for cortisol [ 49 ] and prolactin [ 70 ]. The sensitivity of the assay for cortisol and prolactin was 0.95 and 2 ng/mL, and the intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 10 and 12%, and 9 and 12%, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoperiod Affects Leptin Action on the Choroid Plexus in Ewes Challenged with Lipopolysaccharide—Study on the mRNA Level

Szczepkowska

Kowalewska

Krawczyńska

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Moreover, because melatonin significantly decreased cortisol plasma concentration in socially isolated ewes (Guesdon et al 2013) and corticosteroids (dexamethasone) pretreatment reduced the expression of AQP4 protein in the ovine cerebral cortex (Ron et al 2005), we considered also the potential effect of stress. The concentration of cortisol in blood plasma of sheep used in our experiment was measured and results were published by Kowalewska et al (2017). The similar low levels of cortisol demonstrated in blood plasma of control (10.8 ± 1.9 ng/ml) and melatoninimplanted (10.9 ± 1.2 ng/ml) ewes rather exclude the cortisol effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Effect of melatonin from slow-release implants on aquaporins (AQP1 and AQP4) in the ovine choroid plexus

Szczepkowska¹,

Skowroński²,

Kowalewska³

et al. 2018

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Szczepkowska A., Skowroński M.T., Kowalewska M., Milewski S., Skipor J. (2018): Effect of melatonin from slow-release implants on aquaporins (AQP1 and AQP4) in the ovine choroid plexus. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 63, 32-42.Aquaporins (AQPs) play important role in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) secretion and AQP1 and AQP4 are localized in the choroid plexus (CP), which is the main place of CSF production. In ewes, seasonally breeding animals, the turnover rate (TOR) of CSF is photoperiodically modulated and melatonin, a biochemical signal about changing photoperiod, is used to advance the onset of the breeding season by mimicking the stimulatory effect of short days (SD). This study evaluates the effect of melatonin implantation during long days (LD) on AQPs expression in the ovine CP. Studies were performed on ovariectomized, estradiol implanted ewes treated with placebo (n = 6) or with melatonin (n = 6) during LD. Ewes were sacrificed 40 days after melatonin/ placebo implantation and CPs from the lateral/third brain ventricles were collected for Real-time and Western blot analyses. Additionally, for immunohistochemical analysis, CP samples were collected from ewes (n = 3) sacrificed during LD. We demonstrated an apical membrane localization of AQP1 and a diffused distribution of AQP4 in the epithelial cells of CP. The mRNA expression of AQP1 was 20 times higher than the expression of all AQP4 isoforms, and among them AQP4 isoforms containing exon 2 constituted approximately 38%. The melatonin implantation significantly (P < 0.05) increased the mRNA expression of AQP1 and AQP4 and the protein level of AQP4 isoforms (33 and 28 kDa). For AQP1 we observed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease of glycosylated (33 kDa) and a significant (P < 0.05) increase of unglycosylated (23 kDa) predominant protein form. Therefore it can be suggested that at least AQP1, which is involved in CSF production and has been demonstrated to be modulated by melatonin implantation, is linked with the photoperiodic modulation of the CSF production in ewes.

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“…This complex transfers LPS to myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2) and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), leading to LPS internalization and activation of NF-κB and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway [108,109]. Studies showed that systemic injection of LPS resulted in upregulation of TLR1, TLR3, TLR4, CD14, COX-2, IκBα in the CP cells which may lead to decreased expression of occludin [110][111][112][113][114][115][116]. In addition, there is evidence that activation of NF-κB upregulates matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) production and induces claudin-5 degradation leading to alteration of the B-CSF barrier [117].…”

Section: Systemic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroid plexus and the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier in disease

Solar

Zamani

Kubíčková

et al. 2020

Fluids Barriers CNS

181

142

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The choroid plexus (CP) forming the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (B-CSF) barrier is among the least studied structures of the central nervous system (CNS) despite its clinical importance. The CP is an epithelio-endothelial convolute comprising a highly vascularized stroma with fenestrated capillaries and a continuous lining of epithelial cells joined by apical tight junctions (TJs) that are crucial in forming the B-CSF barrier. Integrity of the CP is critical for maintaining brain homeostasis and B-CSF barrier permeability. Recent experimental and clinical research has uncovered the significance of the CP in the pathophysiology of various diseases affecting the CNS. The CP is involved in penetration of various pathogens into the CNS, as well as the development of neurodegenerative (e.g., Alzheimer´s disease) and autoimmune diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis). Moreover, the CP was shown to be important for restoring brain homeostasis following stroke and trauma. In addition, new diagnostic methods and treatment of CP papilloma and carcinoma have recently been developed. This review describes and summarizes the current state of knowledge with regard to the roles of the CP and B-CSF barrier in the pathophysiology of various types of CNS diseases and sets up the foundation for further avenues of research. Publisher's NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

show abstract

Melatonin from slow-release implants did not influence the gene expression of the lipopolysaccharide receptor complex in the choroid plexus of seasonally anoestrous adult ewes subjected or not to a systemic inflammatory stimulus

Cited by 11 publications

References 42 publications

Photoperiod Affects Leptin Action on the Choroid Plexus in Ewes Challenged with Lipopolysaccharide—Study on the mRNA Level

Photoperiod Affects Leptin Action on the Choroid Plexus in Ewes Challenged with Lipopolysaccharide—Study on the mRNA Level

Effect of melatonin from slow-release implants on aquaporins (AQP1 and AQP4) in the ovine choroid plexus

Choroid plexus and the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier in disease

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