Melamine formaldehyde/polyvinyl alcohol composite fiber: Structure and properties manipulated by hydroxymethylation degree

Abstract

Composite fibers made of different hydroxymethylation degree (HMD) melamine formaldehyde (MF) resins and polyvinyl alcohol were prepared by wet spinning. The structures of MF resins and composite fibers were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and Kjeldahl. The fibers' mechanical properties, fire retardant properties, softening point in hot water, and thermal stability were also tested. Results show that with the increase of HMD, the compatibility between MF and PVA gets better; the breaking strength and thermal stability of the fibers increase, while the nitrogen-loss rate, the elongation at break, and SP decrease. V C 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40678.

Preparation and characterization of high‐performance fibers copolymerized by melamine formaldehyde with 1,4‐cyclohexanedimethanol

“…While the coagulation bath used in the wet spinning process is not easy to handle but easily causes environmental pollution. [8][9][10] Electrospinning has become a popular spinning method in recent years. Acik et al 11,12 synthesized a quaternary ammonium salt functionalized polypropylene fiber by electrospinning, and then assembled layer-by-layer to obtain a mixed fiber mat composed of chlorinated polypropylene and chitosan fibers.…”

Fabrication and characterization of melamine formaldehyde fibers with enhanced mechanical properties and high fire resistance by dry spinning

“…Wet spinning is the most common method to prepare MF fiber. But in wet spinning, MF prepolymer will be dissolved in the coagulation bath, and the main raw material of spinning solution will be wasted 9,14–16 . MF/PVA microfiber nonwoven fabric has been prepared by electrostatic spinning.…”

Preparation and properties of melamine formaldehyde resin modified by functionalized nano-SiO2 and polyvinyl alcohol

“…1,6 Moreover, considering the multihydroxyls of PVA and the water solubility of PVA and MF prepolymer, PVA is usually used as a toughening agent for MF resin. 7 -9 However, the low compatibility between MF resin and PVA at room temperature will always result in phase separation, thereby reducing the mechanical properties of the prepared material. 10 Therefore, the MF/PVA composite fiber must be produced as soon as the MF prepolymer/PVA blend is prepared; 11 to increase its toughness (the elongation at break > 30%), relatively large volumes (50 wt%) of PVA must be used as raw materials.…”

“…10 Therefore, the MF/PVA composite fiber must be produced as soon as the MF prepolymer/PVA blend is prepared; 11 to increase its toughness (the elongation at break > 30%), relatively large volumes (50 wt%) of PVA must be used as raw materials. 9 Yu et al investigated the effect of the multiphase structure of the MF/PVA blend system on the properties of MF/PVA composite fiber. 8 Xu et al reported that the MF resins with different hydroxymethylation degree have different compatibilities with PVA, and MF/PVA composite fibers were prepared by wetting spinning.…”

“…8 Xu et al reported that the MF resins with different hydroxymethylation degree have different compatibilities with PVA, and MF/PVA composite fibers were prepared by wetting spinning. 9,10 Kakkar et al found that MF/PVA composite film formed by casting the blend of MF resin and a small proportion of PVA has a high level of antimicrobial activity. 12,13…”