Megathrust Heterogeneity, Crustal Accretion, and a Topographic Embayment in Western Nepal Himalaya: Insights from the Inversion of Thermochronological Data

Fan, Suoya; Murphy, M. Dianne; Whipp, David; Saylor, Joel E.; Copeland, Peter; Hoxey, Andrew; Taylor, Michael H.; Stöckli, Daniel F.

doi:10.1002/essoar.10507987.1

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“…This velocity interface could track the MHT with a dipping angle from south to north. Additionally, we image a relatively high velocity anomaly under the Lesser Himalayas that seems to be consistent with the dispersal of inferred duplex structure in a similar region from previous studies of INSAR, geological mapping, and seismicity (Figure S5 in Supporting Information , Avouac et al., 2015; Dal Zilio et al., 2020, 2021; Fan & Murphy, 2021; Fan et al., 2021; Hubbard et al., 2016; Mendoza et al., 2019; Murphy, 2007). It is noteworthy that the material of duplex structure is probably composed of quartzite‐dominated rocks from the underthrusting Indian plate (Singer et al., 2017) that could be reflected as relatively high velocities compared to the Tibetan material.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Shear‐Wave Velocity Reveals Heterogeneous Geometry of the Main Himalayan Thrust System and Deep Structure Beneath the Nepal Himalayas

Zhao

Liao

et al. 2022

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Shear‐Wave Velocity Reveals Heterogeneous Geometry of the Main Himalayan Thrust System and Deep Structure Beneath the Nepal Himalayas

Zhao

Liao

et al. 2022

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…The reported zircon (U‐Th)/He ages (Table 1) and the sample information (Table S1 in Supporting Information S1) are stored in the Texas Data Repository (Fan, 2022; https://doi.org/10.18738/T8/UU1YN1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Megathrust Heterogeneity, Crustal Accretion, and a Topographic Embayment in the Western Nepal Himalaya: Insights From the Inversion of Thermochronological Data

et al. 2022

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Between 81°30ʹE and 83°E, the Himalayan range's “perfect” arcuate shape is interrupted by an embayment. We hypothesize that thrust geometry and duplexing along the megathrust at midlower‐crustal depths play a leading role in growth of the embayment as well the southern margin of the Tibetan plateau. To test this hypothesis, we conducted thermokinematic modeling of published thermochronologic data from the topographic and structural embayment in the western Nepal Himalaya to investigate the three‐dimensional geometry and kinematics of the megathrust at midlower‐crustal depths. Models that can best reproduce observed cooling ages suggest that the megathrust in the western Nepal Himalaya is best described as two ramps connected by a long flat that extends further north than in segments to the east and west. These models suggest that the high‐slope zone along the embayment lies above the foreland limb of an antiformal crustal accretion zone on the megathrust with lateral and oblique ramps at midlower‐crustal depths. The lateral and oblique ramps may have initiated by ca. 10 Ma. This process may have controlled along‐strike variation in Himalayan‐plateau growth and therefore development of the topographic embayment. Finally, we analyze geological and morphologic features and propose an evolution model in which landscape and drainage systems across the central‐western Himalaya evolve in response to crustal accretion at depth and the three‐dimensional geometry of the megathrust. Our work highlights the importance of crustal accretion at different depths in orogenic‐wedge growth and that the midlower crustal accretion determines the location of plateau edge.

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Megathrust Heterogeneity, Crustal Accretion, and a Topographic Embayment in Western Nepal Himalaya: Insights from the Inversion of Thermochronological Data

Cited by 2 publications

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Shear‐Wave Velocity Reveals Heterogeneous Geometry of the Main Himalayan Thrust System and Deep Structure Beneath the Nepal Himalayas

Shear‐Wave Velocity Reveals Heterogeneous Geometry of the Main Himalayan Thrust System and Deep Structure Beneath the Nepal Himalayas

Megathrust Heterogeneity, Crustal Accretion, and a Topographic Embayment in the Western Nepal Himalaya: Insights From the Inversion of Thermochronological Data

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