Mediterranean diet and ten-year type 2 diabetes risk. Potential mediation of the relationship from inflammatory factors: Results from ATTICA study (2002-2012)

Abstract

respectively. OSA severity was evaluated through the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and the disease was characterized as severe if AHI values were 30 episodes/hour of sleep. Results: The 86.7% of the patients were obese, while 92.3%, 100% and 98.5% had elevated WC, WHR and WHtR, respectively. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between AHI and BMI, WC, WHR and WHtR (rho¼0.28, 0.49, 0.49 and 0.37, respectively, all P<0.05). Patients with severe OSA had significantly higher WC and WHR compared to those with mild or moderate disease (120.0±14.9 versus 111.5±12.4 cm, P¼0.05 and 0.99±0.09 versus 0.93±0.07, P¼0.02, respectively), while BMI and WHtR values did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions: Our findings confirm the involvement of obesity in OSA pathogenesis and suggest that WC and WHR may be better predictive markers for the disease severity compared to BMI.