Mediterranean diet and preserved brain structural connectivity in older subjects

Pelletier, Amandine; Barul, Christine; Féart, Catherine; Helmer, Catherine; Bernard, Charlotte; Periot, O.; Dilharreguy, Bixente; Dartigues, Jean‐François; Allard, Michèle; Barberger‐Gateau, Pascale; Catheline, Gwénaëlle; Samieri, Cécilia

doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2015.06.1888

Cited by 111 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…11 Regarding changes of dietary habits over time, we observed that the dietary behavior of the participants was fairly stable over a 10-year follow-up in a recent analysis of the 3C study. 40 This observation suggests that our results are still applicable to today's population of OA aged 65 and more. Finally, several frailty criteria were self-reported, which might have led to the low frailty prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Higher Protein but Not Energy Intake Is Associated With a Lower Prevalence of Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the French Three-City Cohort

Rahi

Colombet

Harmand

et al. 2016

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Higher Protein but Not Energy Intake Is Associated With a Lower Prevalence of Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the French Three-City Cohort

Rahi

Colombet

Harmand

et al. 2016

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

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“…In a double-blind randomized interventional study, Ω-3 PUFA supplementation led to significant increases in FA during the 26-week follow-up 4 . A recent study on 146 non-demented elderly people found that higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with preserved white matter microstructure in extensive brain areas 22 . Interestingly, the main food sources for Ω-3 PUFA, Ω-6 PUFA and vitamin E are fish, nuts, cereals, and vegetable, all of which are considered as the beneficial food components in the Mediterranean diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter integrity as a mediator in the relationship between dietary nutrients and cognition in the elderly

Vorburger

Gazes

et al. 2016

Annals of Neurology

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Objective We examined the association of nutrient intake with microstructural white matter integrity, and the role of white matter integrity in the association between nutrient consumption and cognition. Methods This cross-sectional analysis included 239 elderly (≥65 years) participants of a multiethnic cohort. White matter integrity was measured with fractional anisotropy (FA) from diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging. Nutrient patterns were derived from principal component analysis based on energy-adjusted intake of 24 selected nutrients. Generalized linear models were used to assess the association between nutrient patterns and mean FA of 26 white matter tracts. Mediation analysis was used to determine if FA mediates the nutrient-cognition relationship. All models were adjusted for age at time of scan, gender, ethnicity, education, caloric intake, and Apolipoprotein genotype. Results Among the identified 6 nutrient patterns, one (nutrient pattern-6, characterized by high intakes of Ω-3 and Ω-6 poly-unsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E) was positively associated with FA. Those with the highest tertile of nutrient pattern-6 score had a mean of 0.01 (p=0.01) higher FA value than those with the lowest tertile, similar to the effect of a ten-year decrease in age (b for age=−0.001, p=0.01). FA mediated the relationship between nutrient pattern-6 and memory, language, visuospatial and speed/executive function, and mean cognitive scores. Interpretation Our study suggests that older adults consuming more poly-unsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E rich foods had better white matter integrity, and that maintaining white matter microstructural integrity might be a mechanism for the beneficial role of diet on cognition.

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“…Although previous work has not directly examined the relationship between plasma phospholipid PUFAs and white matter microstructure of the fornix, several lines of evidence support this finding. Various diets and dietary components, including the Mediterranean diet (38), PUFAs (3,34), vitamin E (3), vitamin D (39), vitamin B1 (40), and vitamin B12 (41) have been linked to white matter integrity. The fornix in particular is vulnerable to the white matter atrophy induced by Alzheimer’s pathology (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Memory in Healthy Aging: Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Balance and Fornix White Matter Integrity

Zamroziewicz¹,

Paul²,

Zwilling³

et al. 2017

Aging and disease

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Recent evidence demonstrates that age and disease-related decline in cognition depends not only upon degeneration in brain structure and function, but also on dietary intake and nutritional status. Memory, a potential preclinical marker of Alzheimer’s disease, is supported by white matter integrity in the brain and dietary patterns high in omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, the extent to which memory is supported by specific omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the degree to which this relationship is reliant upon microstructure of particular white matter regions is not known. This study therefore examined the cross-sectional relationship between empirically-derived patterns of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (represented by nutrient biomarker patterns), memory, and regional white matter microstructure in healthy, older adults. We measured thirteen plasma phospholipid omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, memory, and regional white matter microstructure in 94 cognitively intact older adults (65 to 75 years old). A three-step mediation analysis was implemented using multivariate linear regressions, adjusted for age, gender, education, income, depression status, and body mass index. The mediation analysis revealed that a mixture of plasma phospholipid omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids is linked to memory and that white matter microstructure of the fornix fully mediates the relationship between this pattern of plasma phospholipid polyunsaturated fatty acids and memory. These results suggest that memory may be optimally supported by a balance of plasma phospholipid omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids through the preservation of fornix white matter microstructure in cognitively intact older adults. This report provides novel evidence for the benefits of plasma phospholipid omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid balance on memory and underlying white matter microstructure.

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Mediterranean diet and preserved brain structural connectivity in older subjects

Abstract: The MeDi appears to benefit brain health through preservation of structural connectivity. Potential mediation by a favorable impact on brain vasculature deserves further research.

Cited by 111 publications

References 45 publications

Higher Protein but Not Energy Intake Is Associated With a Lower Prevalence of Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the French Three-City Cohort

Higher Protein but Not Energy Intake Is Associated With a Lower Prevalence of Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the French Three-City Cohort

White matter integrity as a mediator in the relationship between dietary nutrients and cognition in the elderly

Predictors of Memory in Healthy Aging: Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Balance and Fornix White Matter Integrity

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