Mechanisms of pancreatic tumor suppression mediated by Xiang-lian pill: An integrated in silico exploration and experimental validation

Therapeutic Strategies for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Are Centered on Natural Product

“…The findings indicate that MMP9, CASP8, CASP3, HSP90AA1, CTSB, MMP2, PTGS2, CASP9, IL4, and CTSD are the primary proteins involved in the anti-prostate cancer effects of XLP. These proteins are likely to have crucial functions and can be considered as potential target genes for the active ingredients of XLP [139]. The study revealed that OOE exhibited anti-cancer properties when tested on BxPC3, a cell line associated with pancreatic cancer.…”

“…These effects have significant potential in the regulation of aberrant tumor metabolism. There is a need for conducting extensive randomized controlled studies in order to provide a more robust body of data for the potential utilization of XLP in this setting of PDAC [139]. The administration of a combination of curcuminoids and gemcitabine for a median duration of two weeks in individuals diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer did not result in a statistically meaningful therapeutic outcome [159].…”

Recent advances in identifying protein targets of bioactive natural products

“…Yang et al [ 68 ] identified myosin-9 as the direct target of usenamine A through MS, SPR assays, and CETSA. In addition, CETSA has been employed in combination with other target identification methods to validate the targets of paederosidic acid, which suppresses osteoclast formation and neuropathic pain [ 69 ], echinatin, a natural compound isolated from licorice, which effectively inhibits the hemolytic activity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [ 70 ], α-asarone, an important component of the Huangxiong formula for treating ischemic stroke [ 71 ], nitidine chloride, an extract from Zanthoxylum nitidum , used in multiple myeloma treatment [ 72 ], pentoxifylline, which attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver [ 73 ], the primary active constituents of the Xiang-lian pill, which suppresses pancreatic tumor [ 74 ], toosendanin, a natural triterpenoid saponin with anti-colorectal cancer activity [ 75 ], glytabastan B, a coumestan isolated from Glycine tabacina , which is used for the prevention and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis [ 76 ], tubocapsenolide A, a withanolide-type steroid with therapeutic potential for osteosarcoma [ 77 ], the primary constituents of the Zuojin capsule, which is used to combat colorectal cancer [ 78 ], proanthocyanidin A1, which ameliorates chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia [ 79 ], cucurbitacin B, which inhibits NSCLC [ 80 ], celastrol and gambogic acid, which exhibit anti-breast cancer activity [ 81 ], shikonin, a natural bioactive component of Lithospermum erythrorhizon with anti-triple-negative breast cancer activity [ 82 ] ( Table 9 ).…”

Therapeutic Strategies for Pancreatic-Cancer-Related Type 2 Diabetes Centered around Natural Products

“…The findings indicate that MMP9, CASP8, CASP3, HSP90AA1, CTSB, MMP2, PTGS2, CASP9, IL4, and CTSD are the primary proteins involved in the antiprostate cancer effects of XLP. These proteins are likely to have crucial functions and can be considered as potential target genes for the active ingredients of XLP [177]. The Oxalidaceae family is distinguished by its sour flavor and has a well-established history as a medicinal plant.…”

“…These effects have significant potential in the regulation of aberrant tumor metabolism. There is a need for conducting extensive randomized controlled studies in order to provide a more robust body of data for the potential utilization of XLP in this setting of PDAC [177]. The administration of a combination of curcuminoids and gemcitabine for a median duration of two weeks in individuals diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer did not result in a statistically meaningful therapeutic outcome [237].…”