Mechanisms of exercise-induced muscle damage and fatigue: Intracellular calcium accumulation

Kano, Yutaka; Sonobe, Takashi; Sudo, Mizuki; Poole, David C.

doi:10.7600/jpfsm.1.505

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Exercise-induced muscle damage is associated with decrements in force production resulting from disruption of the sarcomere and impaired excitation-contraction coupling [ 24 ]. Eccentric resistance exercise has been shown to impair force generating capacity up to 50-65% compared to pre-exercise values [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of varying doses of omega-3 supplementation on muscle damage and recovery after eccentric resistance exercise

et al. 2021

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Background Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) commonly occurs following intense resistance exercise and is associated with decrements in exercise performance and delayed muscle recovery. Thus, practical methods to attenuate EIMD would prove useful to both training and athletic populations. Omega-3 (n-3) supplementation has been shown to mitigate EIMD with evidence of increasing efficacy at higher doses (up to 6 g/day). However, data of its efficacy in trained individuals is limited. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of 6 and 8 g of n-3 supplementation on markers of muscle damage and muscle recovery after eccentric resistance exercise in resistance-trained males. Methods Using a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled design, 26 resistance trained males (23 ± 4 years; 173.6 ± 20.5 cm; 81.9 ± 9.7 kg; 14.2 ± 3.7% body fat) supplemented with 6 (n=10) or 8 g (n=7) of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, or placebo (n=9) for 33 days. On day 30, participants performed a lower body muscle-damaging eccentric resistance exercise bout. Measures of muscle performance, soreness, and damage were taken pre-exercise on day 30 as well as on days 31–33, including vertical jump height (VJH), perceived muscle soreness (PMS), hip and knee range of motion (ROM), repetitions to fatigue (RTF) at 70% 1-RM, and serum creatine kinase (CK) while participants continued to supplement until day 33. Results There were significant differences in VJH, PMS, and serum CK following the muscle-damaging exercise bout compared to pre-exercise ( p <0.05). However, there were no significant ( p >0.05) differences between supplementation groups (6 g, 8 g, and placebo) at any time point post-exercise (day 31–33). There were no changes in hip and knee ROM or RTF at any time point or between groups. Vertical jump height and PMS returned to pre-exercise levels despite CK remaining elevated post-exercise. Conclusions Thirty-three days of 6 and 8 g of n-3 supplementation did not attenuate EIMD or enhance muscle recovery following muscle-damaging eccentric resistance exercise in resistance-trained males. Further research using various n-3 supplementation durations, doses, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentrations may be needed to establish its efficacy in attenuating EIMD, which may vary between trained and untrained individuals. Furthermore, while circulating CK is commonly used to assess muscle damage, elevated CK levels may not reflect muscle recovery status following muscle-damaging exercise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of varying doses of omega-3 supplementation on muscle damage and recovery after eccentric resistance exercise

et al. 2021

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“…Muscle fatigue and EIMD are multifactorial phenomena which involve several factors that are not well established [27]. Among them, it is proposed that metabolic perturbations (e.g., adenosine triphosphate (ADP), Pi, H + , reactive oxygen species ROS), impairment of Ca 2+ release and uptake from the SR and changes in E-C coupling within the muscle participate in these processes [27,28]. As higher levels of glycogen ensure adequate muscle function [26] and lower metabolic perturbations, it is reasonable to hypothesize that maintaining adequate muscle glycogen during exercise could limit EIMD and, therefore, improve recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 120 g/h of Carbohydrates Intake during a Mountain Marathon on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Elite Runners

et al. 2020

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Background—exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and internal exercise load are increased after competing in ultraendurance events such as mountain marathons. Adequate carbohydrate (CHO) intake during exercise optimizes athletic performance and could limit EIMD, reduce internal exercise load and, thus, improve recovery. Therefore, the aim of this study was to research into and compare the effects of high CHO intake (120 g/h) in terms of CHO intake recommendation (90 g/h) and regular CHO intake performed by ultraendurance athletes (60 g/h) during a mountain marathon, on exercise load and EIMD markers (creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), urea and creatinine). Materials and Methods—a randomized trial was carried out on 20 male elite runners who had previously undertaken nutritional and gut training, and who consumed different CHO dosages according to experimental (EXP—120 g/h), control (CON—90 g/h) and low CHO intake (LOW—60 g/h) groups during a ~4000 m cumulative slope mountain marathon. EIMD markers were analyzed before the race and 24 h afterwards. Internal exercise load was calculated based on rate of perceived exertion (RPE) during and after the marathon event. Results—internal exercise load during the mountain marathon was significantly lower (p = 0.019; η2p = 0.471) in EXP (3805 ± 281 AU) compared to LOW (4688 ± 705 AU) and CON (4692 ± 716 AU). Moreover, results revealed that the EXP group evidenced significantly lower CK (p = 0.019; η2p = 0.373), LDH (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.615) and GOT (p = 0.003; η2p = 0.500) values 24 h after the mountain marathon race compared to LOW and CON. Along these lines, EIMD and exercise load evidenced a close correlation (R = 0.742; p < 0.001). Conclusion: High CHO intake (120 g/h) during a mountain marathon could limit the EIMD observed by CK, LDH and GOT and internal exercise load compared to CHO ingestion of 60 and 90 g/h.

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“…However, it has been found that increased intracellular calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) over time as a consequence of stretch-activated Ca 2+ channels plays a key role in the permeability of the sarcolemma ( Allen et al, 2010 ). Considering a perspective applicable to the day-to-day sports practice, transient sarcoplasmic oxidation by-products and Ca 2+ upregulation derived from damaging exercises results in a mild FGC loss as a consequence of failures in the excitation-contraction coupling process ( Kano et al, 2012 ). Given that the mitochondria modulate Ca 2+ overload through the mitochondrial calcium uniporter located in the inner mitochondrial membrane ( Rossi et al, 2019 ), mild decreases in muscle function might be preserved by amino acids and/or micro-nutrients intake, e.g., Vitamin D, owning to the maintenance of the muscle mitochondria structural integrity and function ( Drummond et al, 2009 ; Salles et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, sarcomeres and mitochondria impairment caused by eccentric contractions during sprinting results in long-lasting decreases in FGC ( Kano et al, 2012 ; Hyldahl and Hubal, 2014 ), which is a fundamental source for the loss of performance described in both sportswomen ( Keane et al, 2015 ) and men ( Howatson and Milak, 2009 ) after a RST. Accordingly, there is a need for practitioners to monitor FGC and range of motion (ROM) using simple, time and cost-effective sprint-specific muscle function tests associated with biochemical markers using an integrative-based approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of inter-individual variability in hamstring muscle recovery after a sport-specific sprint training in women and men

Cosio,

Moreno-Simonet,

Porcelli

et al. 2024

Front. Physiol.

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Background: Hamstring muscles are most affected by multiple sprint-based sports as a result of muscle strain during sprinting, leading to reduced performance and increased risk of injury. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to assess inter-individual variability in hamstrings recovery after a sport-specific repeated-sprint training (RST), through sprint-specific markers of muscle recovery and associated muscle damage biomarkers in women and men.Methods: Healthy females (n = 14) and males (n = 15) underwent 10 repeated 40-m sprints with a 3-min rest pause between each repetition. Force-generating capacity (FGC) by the 90°hip:20°kneetest and range of motion Jurdan test, together with serum biomarkers [sarcomeric mitochondrial creatine kinase (sMtCK), oxidative stress, irisin] were tested at baseline and 24-, 48- and 72-h post-exercise through a repeated measures design. Participants were classified according to FGC loss into high responders (HR) and low responders (LR).Results: 21 individuals (10 females, 11 males) were classified as HR (FGC loss >20% and recovery >48 h), while 8 individuals (4 females, 4 males) were classified as LR. HR individuals showed unrecovered maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) torque until 72 h post-training (p = 0.003, np2 = 0.170), whereas only HR males showed decreased range of motion (p = 0.026, np2 = 0.116). HR individuals also showed increased sMtCK (p = 0.016, np2 = 0.128), oxidative stress (p = 0.038, np2 = 0.106) and irisin (p = 0.019, np2 = 0.123).Conclusion: There is inter-individual variability in the muscular response to a sport-specific RST, identifiable by MVIC torque assessment. The findings support that the 90°hip:20°kneetest is a powerful indirect test to screen hamstrings recovery in both women and men, in a cost-effective way. However, the Jurdan test might not be able to monitor hamstrings recovery in sportswomen after RST. Decreases in muscle capacity are linked to damage to muscle sarcolemma and mitochondria until 72 h post-exercise. Overall, 72 h will not be adequate time to restore hamstrings structure and function after a sport-specific RST in both female and male responders.

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Mechanisms of exercise-induced muscle damage and fatigue: Intracellular calcium accumulation

Cited by 11 publications

References 84 publications

Impact of varying doses of omega-3 supplementation on muscle damage and recovery after eccentric resistance exercise

Impact of varying doses of omega-3 supplementation on muscle damage and recovery after eccentric resistance exercise

Effects of 120 g/h of Carbohydrates Intake during a Mountain Marathon on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Elite Runners

Assessment of inter-individual variability in hamstring muscle recovery after a sport-specific sprint training in women and men

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