Mechanism of Action of Lithium: Comparison and Contrast with Carbamazepine

Region‐Selective Effects of Long‐Term Lithium and Carbamazepine Administration on Cyclic AMP Levels in Rat Brain

“…Both drugs are effective in acute as well as prophylactic treatment (Schou eta/. 1954;Baastrup & Schou 1967;Post & Chuang 1991) and have been documented to have similar clinical profiles (Post 1990). Although a number of different biochemical and neurophysiological effects have been described for both drugs, the exact molecular mechanism and particular target region accounting for their mood stabilizing effect remains unknown.…”

Region‐Selective Effects of Long‐Term Lithium and Carbamazepine Administration on Cyclic AMP Levels in Rat Brain

“…Both drugs are effective in acute as well as prophylactic treatment (Schou eta/. 1954;Baastrup & Schou 1967;Post & Chuang 1991) and have been documented to have similar clinical profiles (Post 1990). Although a number of different biochemical and neurophysiological effects have been described for both drugs, the exact molecular mechanism and particular target region accounting for their mood stabilizing effect remains unknown.…”

A History of the Use of Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers in the Last Two Decades of the 20th Century

“…In this instance, there is some evidence that TRH may be an endogenous of candidate mechanisms to be explored for their psychotropic effects is not without some merit [38][39][40]. In addi-antidepressant factor, since intrathecal, and in some instances parenteral, administration of TRH have been tion, we have recently elucidated some of the pharmacodynamic principles of tolerance development to the shown to exert antidepressant effects in refractory affectively ill patients [46,47].…”

“…Another important trials using a variety of methodologies, but all generally supporting the acute antimanic efficacy of the drug. This clue is the ability of lithium, carbamazepine, and valproate to increase gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B rewas often of a similar incidence, time frame, and magnitude of response to that observed with neuroleptics ceptors in hippocampus following chronic, but not acute administration, leaving this indirect GABAergic modu-(although in some studies better tolerated than the neuroleptics), and often equal to or slightly less efficacious than lating system as a candidate as well [38][39][40]. Which of these and other effects are pertinent to its psychotropic lithium carbonate.…”

Region‐Selective Effects of Long‐Term Lithium and Carbamazepine Administration on Cyclic AMP Levels in Rat Brain

“…Both drugs are effective in acute as well as prophylactic treatment (Schou eta/. 1954;Baastrup & Schou 1967;Post & Chuang 1991) and have been documented to have similar clinical profiles (Post 1990). Although a number of different biochemical and neurophysiological effects have been described for both drugs, the exact molecular mechanism and particular target region accounting for their mood stabilizing effect remains unknown.…”

A History of the Use of Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers in the Last Two Decades of the 20th Century

“…In this instance, there is some evidence that TRH may be an endogenous of candidate mechanisms to be explored for their psychotropic effects is not without some merit [38][39][40]. In addi-antidepressant factor, since intrathecal, and in some instances parenteral, administration of TRH have been tion, we have recently elucidated some of the pharmacodynamic principles of tolerance development to the shown to exert antidepressant effects in refractory affectively ill patients [46,47].…”

“…Another important trials using a variety of methodologies, but all generally supporting the acute antimanic efficacy of the drug. This clue is the ability of lithium, carbamazepine, and valproate to increase gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B rewas often of a similar incidence, time frame, and magnitude of response to that observed with neuroleptics ceptors in hippocampus following chronic, but not acute administration, leaving this indirect GABAergic modu-(although in some studies better tolerated than the neuroleptics), and often equal to or slightly less efficacious than lating system as a candidate as well [38][39][40]. Which of these and other effects are pertinent to its psychotropic lithium carbonate.…”

Region‐Selective Effects of Long‐Term Lithium and Carbamazepine Administration on Cyclic AMP Levels in Rat Brain

“…Both drugs are effective in acute as well as prophylactic treatment (Schou eta/. 1954;Baastrup & Schou 1967;Post & Chuang 1991) and have been documented to have similar clinical profiles (Post 1990). Although a number of different biochemical and neurophysiological effects have been described for both drugs, the exact molecular mechanism and particular target region accounting for their mood stabilizing effect remains unknown.…”

A History of the Use of Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers in the Last Two Decades of the 20th Century

“…In this instance, there is some evidence that TRH may be an endogenous of candidate mechanisms to be explored for their psychotropic effects is not without some merit [38][39][40]. In addi-antidepressant factor, since intrathecal, and in some instances parenteral, administration of TRH have been tion, we have recently elucidated some of the pharmacodynamic principles of tolerance development to the shown to exert antidepressant effects in refractory affectively ill patients [46,47].…”

“…Another important trials using a variety of methodologies, but all generally supporting the acute antimanic efficacy of the drug. This clue is the ability of lithium, carbamazepine, and valproate to increase gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B rewas often of a similar incidence, time frame, and magnitude of response to that observed with neuroleptics ceptors in hippocampus following chronic, but not acute administration, leaving this indirect GABAergic modu-(although in some studies better tolerated than the neuroleptics), and often equal to or slightly less efficacious than lating system as a candidate as well [38][39][40]. Which of these and other effects are pertinent to its psychotropic lithium carbonate.…”