Mechanically and Electronically Robust Transparent Organohydrogel Fibers

Song, Jianchun; Chen, Shuo; Sun, Lijie; Guo, Yifan; Zhang, Luzhi; Wang, Shuliang; Xuan, Huixia; Guan, Qingbao; You, Zhengwei

doi:10.1002/adma.201906994

Cited by 253 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Exampled demonstrations involve a soft, deformable PVA/agarose hydrogel-based TENG for creating electrical power by human motions, and a robust, stretchable, anti-freeze organohydrogel fibers for strain/electrophysiology (EP) sensors. [106,107] With comprehensive evaluations of their biodegradable property and encapsulation strategy to isolate or separate moisture-rich gels from other water-sensitive electronic components, such gelbased wearable electronics could be transformed into a transient format to produce biocompatible/sustainable/implantable energy harvesting and sensing systems. Beyond the remarkable achievements of transient electronic systems, improved performance or unprecedented applications in various fields can be realized when merged with other technologies involving self-healing, shape memory, and multidimensional (3D or 4D) printing.…”

Section: Non-biomedical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Materials and Systems for Biodegradable, Transient Electronics

et al. 2020

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of wastes. [4] Furthermore, self-destructive property induced by external stimuli such as moisture, light, and heat can expand its potential application to security-related electronics for protecting private and confidential information. [5-7] Combined uses of natural or synthesized biodegradable polymers with non-transient electronic materials were examples of early research direction of water-soluble electronic devices, which allowed to partially disintegrate into fragmentation due to collapse of the substrates. [8-10] Recognition of chemical reactivity of monocrystalline silicon nanomembranes (Si NMs) in aqueous solutions reached a turning point in transient system through integration with other inorganicbased conductors and insulators, enabling to fabricate almost any types of existing silicon-based electronic devices in a transient form with moderate modifications. [11] Demonstrated examples included device components, sensors, actuators, and energy sources with electrical behaviors comparable to those of state-ofthe-art devices. Successful follow-ups to initial works provided various interpretations of the dissolution kinetics and versatile organic-and inorganic-based materials and devices to accomplish a wide spectrum of this technology for potential applications in biological researches to clinical medicine and other possible areas. In the following, we discuss various types of biodegradable inorganic/organic materials along with their degradation mechanisms and biocompatible properties, diverse manufacturing processes for electronic devices and systems, examples of basic transient electronic components, and different strategies/concepts of transience. Representative applications in the fields of bioengineering, green-electronics, security systems, and others are reviewed, and concluding remarks address some challenges and perspectives for the future of transient electronics. 2. Bioresorbable Materials 2.1. Inorganic Materials Figure 1a shows a representative example of water-soluble electronic devices that contained electronic components, involving a transistor, diode, inductor, capacitor, resistor, and interconnects. [11] All components consisted of various inorganic biodegradable constituents such as Si NMs, magnesium oxide (MgO), and magnesium (Mg) for semiconductors, gate and interlayer dielectrics, and conductors, that can be degraded into benign and biocompatible end products. In addition, many other inorganic Transient electronics refers to an emerging class of advanced technology, defined by an ability to chemically or physically dissolve, disintegrate, and degrade in actively or passively controlled fashions to leave environmentally and physiologically harmless by-products in environments, particularly in bio-fluids or aqueous solutions. The unusual properties that are opposite to operational modes in conventional electronics for a nearly infinite time frame offer unprecedented opportunities in research areas of eco-friendly electronics, temporary biomedical implants, data-secure hardware system...

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Section: Non-biomedical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Materials and Systems for Biodegradable, Transient Electronics

et al. 2020

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“…8,[10][11][12][13] However, the hydrophobic association of F127DA micelles could be weakened or even dissociated by organic solvents, which brings an unexpected destruction of networks for those micelle-crosslinked hydrogels. [14][15][16][17][18][19] Therefore, it is greatly required to engineer the…”

Section: -5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforced macromolecular micelle-crosslinked hyaluronate gels induced by water/DMSO binary solvent

et al. 2020

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“…Hydrogels, a kind of 3D network structure gel material with extremely high water content, are widely used in tissue engineering, biomedicine, [1,2] drug delivery processes, and intelligent wearable devices. [3][4][5][6][7][8] Therefore, a desirable hydrogel should exhibit superior mechanical properties, [9][10][11][12][13] self-healing ability, [14][15][16] and multi-environmental adaptability [17][18][19] for use in complex working conditions. To improve the mechanical properties and self-healing ability, the traditional design method mainly involves building a multiple network structure that can increase the cross-linking density and dynamic bonding agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PVA/Agar Interpenetrating Network Hydrogel with Fast Healing, High Strength, Antifreeze, and Water Retention

Han

Fan

et al. 2020

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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concentration to achieve a self-healing ability and mechanical properties. [20] Among them, the main design methods are physical and chemical design concepts. The hydrogels prepared based on physical crosslinking interact through hydrogen bonding, [21,22] hydrophobic association, electrostatic interaction, [23] segment entanglement, [24] and other noncovalent [25,26] interactions, while the traditional chemical cross-linking method mainly takes advantage of the interaction mode of dynamic binding. [27] That is, the dynamic exchange process occurs when the chain is broken, contributing to the self-healing effect. At the same time, owing to the high water content, it is difficult for traditional hydrogels to avoid high water loss and early degradation during use. Additionally, their inherent properties such as light transmittance will be destroyed under freezing conditions. However, compared with the traditional hydrogel preparation methods, the multifunctional hydrogel requires more steps to synthesize, increasing the difficulty of preparation. Thus, it is a great challenge for traditional hydrogels to operate under complex working conditions such as high-and low-temperature fluctuations. Therefore, to improve the applicability of hydrogels under complex working conditions, various methods have been suggested, such as network interpenetrating structure hydrogels, [28] double network hydrogels, [29-31] nanocomposite structure hydrogels, [32-35] and host-guest supermolecule hydrogels. [36,37] Different from other methods, network interpenetrating structure hydrogels are multifunctionally designed to avoid the disadvantages of pure water loss and degradation of hydrogels due to the higher fault tolerance and compatibility. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices can be utilized to achieve a balance of self-healing ability and mechanical properties and can be multifunctionalized by modification with a variety of composite products. PVA hydrogels are formed in a variety of ways. Moreover, hydrogen bond cross-linking or external dynamic binding can be introduced to achieve self-healing properties. The PVA hydrogel has a uniform network structure and large energy consumption capacity that make it extremely light transmissive and give it an outstanding comprehensive performance. These reversible and breakable high-density hydrogenbonded cross networks provide PVA hydrogels with self-healing effects at room temperature without any irritation or healing Traditional self-healing hydrogels have great application prospects in biological engineering because of their extremely high water content, but their durability cannot be easily guaranteed. Therefore, developing a rapid self-healing hydrogel with long-lasting water retention capacity is still a significant challenge. A highstrength and fast self-healing hydrogel with an interpenetrating double network based on polyvinyl alcohol/agar-ethylene glycol (PVA/agar-EG) is proposed. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and agar are designed for the construction of the interpenetrating network. Further...

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Mechanically and Electronically Robust Transparent Organohydrogel Fibers

Cited by 253 publications

References 41 publications

Advanced Materials and Systems for Biodegradable, Transient Electronics

Advanced Materials and Systems for Biodegradable, Transient Electronics

Reinforced macromolecular micelle-crosslinked hyaluronate gels induced by water/DMSO binary solvent

PVA/Agar Interpenetrating Network Hydrogel with Fast Healing, High Strength, Antifreeze, and Water Retention

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