Mechanical properties of graphene nanoplatelet/carbon fiber/epoxy hybrid composites: Multiscale modeling and experiments

Hadden, Cameron M; Klimek-McDonald, Danielle René; Pineda, Evan J.; King, Julia A.; Reichanadter, Alex; Miskioğlu, I.; Gowtham, S.; Odegard, Gregory M.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2015.08.026

Cited by 211 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…That achievement [1, 2] allowed efficient hierarchical composite structures to be technologically addressed and developed, aiming not only to improve the mechanical strength but also to mitigate interlaminar, intralaminar and translaminar damage, hence enhancing the fracture toughness as well [5][6][7]. For instance, the use of fillers such as monolayer graphene [8][9][10] Abstract. In this paper, a cost-effective and eco-friendly method to improve mechanical performance in continuous carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) matrix composites is presented.…”

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confidence: 99%

Low-cost, environmentally friendly route for producing CFRP laminates with microfibrillated cellulose interphase

Uribe¹,

Chiromito²,

Carvalho³

et al. 2017

Express Polym. Lett.

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The reinforcement of polymer matrices with continuous carbon fibers (CF), giving rise to so-called carbon fiber-reinforced polymers/plastics (CFRP) composites is a major issue in the space, aerospace, naval, wind and oil and gas energy industries because of their need for construction materials that exhibit very high structural efficiency (i.e., exceptional strength/ density and stiffness/density ratios). The improvement in interfacial strength between the polymer matrix and reinforcing fiber system leading to the enhancement of overall mechanical performance of CFRPs has always been sought by materials scientists, since the region separating the bulk polymer from the fiber reinforcement is of utmost importance to load transference and distribution. Kim and Mai [1] and Pegoretti et al. [2] discovered that the shear strength of a fibrous polymer composite is closely related to the shear strength of the fibersurrounding polymer matrix domain. They also noted that the latter property strongly depends upon the mechanical performance of the interphase, which constitutes an intermediate, different phase when compared to the reinforcing fiber and the bulk resin [3]. Many efforts were then devoted to build strong fiber/ matrix interphases by controlling physicochemical interactions and frictional forces acting on this particular region of composite systems [4]. That achievement [1, 2] allowed efficient hierarchical composite structures to be technologically addressed and developed, aiming not only to improve the mechanical strength but also to mitigate interlaminar, intralaminar and translaminar damage, hence enhancing the fracture toughness as well [5][6][7]. For instance, the use of fillers such as monolayer graphene [8][9][10] Abstract. In this paper, a cost-effective and eco-friendly method to improve mechanical performance in continuous carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) matrix composites is presented. Unsized fiber fabric preforms are coated with self-assembling sugarcane bagasse microfibrillated cellulose, and undergo vacuum-assisted liquid epoxy resin infusion to produce solid laminates after curing at ambient temperature. Quasi-static tensile, flexural and short beam testing at room temperature indicated that the stiffness, ultimate strength and toughness at ultimate load of the brand-new two-level hierarchical composite are substantially higher than in baseline, unsized fiber-reinforced epoxy laminate. Atomic force microscopy for height and phase imaging, along with scanning electron microscopy for the fracture surface survey, revealed a 400 nm-thick fiber/matrix interphase wherein microfibrillated cellulose exerts strengthening and toughening roles in the hybrid laminate. Market expansion of this class of continuous fiber-reinforced-polymer matrix composites exhibiting remarkable mechanical performance/cost ratios is thus conceivable.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost, environmentally friendly route for producing CFRP laminates with microfibrillated cellulose interphase

Uribe¹,

Chiromito²,

Carvalho³

et al. 2017

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…GNP stacks of one, two, three, and four layers were used. The effective elastic properties were taken from the work of Hadden et al , which were determined using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of the same material constituents used in the current study. The original MD simulation boxes contained the surrounding polymer molecules in order to capture the nano‐surface effects that are present at the molecular level of particle/reinforcement regions .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination and Modeling of Mechanical Properties for Graphene Nanoplatelet/Epoxy Composites

et al. 2016

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Structural components of modern aircraft, such as the fuselage and control surfaces, are commonly constructed using carbon‐filled polymer composites. The addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) to traditional fiber‐reinforced composites often increases the tensile modulus. In this work, composites were fabricated with epoxy (EPON 862 with EPIKURE Curing Agent W) and 1–4 wt% (0.6–2.44 vol%) GNP. The GNP used in this study was Asbury Carbon's TC307. To the authors' knowledge, mechanical data for composites with TC307 have not been published before. Composite specimens were tested for macroscopic tensile modulus and modulus as determined by nanoindentation. The macroscopic tensile modulus increased from 2.72 GPa for neat epoxy to 2.93 GPa for 4 wt% (2.44 vol%) TC307 in epoxy. The modulus as determined by nanoindentation showed a similar trend. For all these composites, the tensile strength ranged from 76 to 81 MPa. A multiscale modeling approach, using molecular dynamics data and micromechanical modeling, was used to verify the experimental data, and both experiments and modeling demonstrated that a three‐dimensional random dispersion of GNP (∼3 to 4 layers) in epoxy was achieved. The constant level of strength with GNP loading is important in applications where GNP is added to the epoxy matrix to increase thermal and electrical conductivity. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:1845–1851, 2018. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…Despite all these advantages, polymers are less dense and their structural strength is comparatively very low. In order to improve the strength of polymers, the properties of reinforcement/nanofiller play a decisive role . Polymers‐based nanocomposites exhibit high heat distortion temperature, curtailed scratch and mar resistance, noise damping, and tailored mechanical strength .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomistic modeling of graphene/hexagonal boron nitride polymer nanocomposites: a review

Verma

Parashar

Packirisamy

2017

WIREs Comput Mol Sci

103

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Due to their exceptional properties, graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) nanofillers are emerging as potential candidates for reinforcing the polymer‐based nanocomposites. Graphene and h‐BN have comparable mechanical and thermal properties, whereas due to high band gap in h‐BN (~5 eV), have contrasting electrical conductivities. Atomistic modeling techniques are viable alternatives to the costly and time‐consuming experimental techniques, and are accurate enough to predict the mechanical properties, fracture toughness, and thermal conductivities of graphene and h‐BN‐based nanocomposites. Success of any atomistic model entirely depends on the type of interatomic potential used in simulations. This review article encompasses different types of interatomic potentials that can be used for the modeling of graphene, h‐BN, and corresponding nanocomposites, and further elaborates on developments and challenges associated with the classical mechanics‐based approach along with synergic effects of these nano reinforcements on host polymer matrix. This article is categorized under: Molecular and Statistical Mechanics > Molecular Mechanics Structure and Mechanism > Computational Materials Science Molecular and Statistical Mechanics > Molecular Dynamics and Monte‐Carlo Methods

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Mechanical properties of graphene nanoplatelet/carbon fiber/epoxy hybrid composites: Multiscale modeling and experiments

Cited by 211 publications

References 48 publications

Low-cost, environmentally friendly route for producing CFRP laminates with microfibrillated cellulose interphase

Low-cost, environmentally friendly route for producing CFRP laminates with microfibrillated cellulose interphase

Determination and Modeling of Mechanical Properties for Graphene Nanoplatelet/Epoxy Composites

Atomistic modeling of graphene/hexagonal boron nitride polymer nanocomposites: a review

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