Meat quality of kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) and impala (Aepyceros melampus): Carcass yield, physical quality and chemical composition of kudu and impala Longissimus dorsi muscle as affected by gender and age

Marine and terrestrial foods as a source of brain-selective nutrients for early modern humans in the southwestern Cape, South Africa

“…Muscle and liver tissue from marine mammals and birds contains 0.9e3.7 mg/100 g and 1.0e6.8 mg/100 g of zinc, respectively. In terrestrial bovids, muscle tissue contains between 2.3 and 2.7 mg/100 g of this micronutrient; these figures are similar to those reported by Hoffman et al (2009) for kudu and impala (1.1e2.8 mg/100 g), and by Falandysz (1994) for wild boar (Sus scrofa), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) (3.2e3.7 mg/100 g). Liver tissue from these animals contains similar amounts (1.7e1.9 mg/100 g) to muscle tissue.…”

“…Similar amounts (~1e9 mg/100 g) are found in the muscle and liver tissue of several terrestrial bovids. Comparable figures (1.8e2.5 mg/100 g) are reported by Hoffman et al (2009) for the iron content of lean meat from kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) and impala (A. melampus), and by Falandysz (1994) for muscle and liver tissue from big game animals typically hunted in Poland (2.4e3.1 mg/100 g and 4e5.4 mg/100 g, respectively). Similar, if slightly smaller, amounts are found in the muscle (3 mg/85 g) and liver (5 mg/85 g) of domesticated cattle (Crichton, 2013).…”

“…Considerably lower figures (<1.0 mg/100 g) are reported for the muscle tissue of game species, including kudu, impala and red deer by Hoffman et al (2009) andFalandysz et al (2005). The copper content of liver tissue from marine and terrestrial fauna is considerably higher (3.6e13.3 mg/ 100 g).…”

Exogenous and Endogenous Factors Influencing Color of Fresh Meat from Ungulates

“…The authors attributed the increase in lightness to a lower pH and slower cooling of the heavier carcasses from older animals. Differences in color were also noted for sub-adult and adult male kudu and impala (Hoffman et al, 2009a). Sub-adult males (below 34 mo age for kudu; below 30 mo for impala) had higher L* values and correspondingly lower Mb concentrations in comparison to adult males (above 34 mo for kudu; above 30 mo for impala).…”

Comparison of shear force tenderness, drip and cooking loss, and ultimate muscle pH of the loin muscle among grass-fed steers of four major beef crosses slaughtered in Namibia

“…Each of the five cores were sheared perpendicular to the fibre direction using a WarnerBratzler shear attachment (with a circular cross-section of 1.27 cm ø blade) fitted to an electrical scale programmed to measure maximum weight/resistance. The reported value in kilograms represented the average of the peak force measurements of each of the five cores (Hoffman et al, 2009). For further analysis, samples were categorized into three tenderness groups based on their WBSF values according to threshold levels reported by Shackelford et al (1991), Voisinet et al (1997), and Shackelford et al (1999): 'tender' (< 3.9 kg), 'intermediate' (3.9-4.6 kg) and 'tough' (> 4.6 kg).…”