Measuring spatio-temporal couplings using modal spatio-spectral wavefront retrieval

Weisse, Nils; Esslinger, Jannik; Howard, Sunny; Foerster, Florian Moritz; Haberstroh, Florian; Doyle, Leonard; Norreys, P.; Schreiber, Jörg; Karsch, Stefan; Doepp, Andreas

doi:10.1364/oe.483801

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…To resolve STCs, one must gain wavefront information over the 3D hypercube (x,y,t) or equivalently its spatiospectral analogue (x,y,ω). Due to the limitation that array sensors (such as complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor (CMOS) cameras) capture information in a maximum of two dimensions, the majority of current techniques resort to scanning over one or two dimensions, whether it is a spatial [7,8] , spectral [9,10] or temporal [11] scan. Such techniques are time consuming and are blind to shot-toshot variations and drift of the laser.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperspectral compressive wavefront sensing

Howard

Esslinger²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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Presented is a novel way to combine snapshot compressive imaging and lateral shearing interferometry in order to capture the spatio-spectral phase of an ultrashort laser pulse in a single shot. A deep unrolling algorithm is utilised for the snapshot compressive imaging reconstruction due to its parameter efficiency and superior speed relative to other methods, potentially allowing for online reconstruction. The algorithm's regularisation term is represented using neural network with 3D convolutional layers, to exploit the spatio-spectral correlations that exist in laser wavefronts. Compressed sensing is not typically applied to modulated signals, but we demonstrate its success here. Furthermore, we train a neural network to predict the wavefronts from a lateral shearing interferogram in terms of Zernike polynomials, which again increases the speed of our technique without sacrificing fidelity. This method is supported with simulation-based results. While applied to the example of lateral shearing interferometry, the methods presented here are generally applicable to a wide range of signals, including Shack-Hartmann-type sensors. The results may be of interest beyond the context of laser wavefront characterization, including within quantitative phase imaging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperspectral compressive wavefront sensing

Howard

Esslinger²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

Self Cite

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“…Another important class of algorithms aims at reconstructing the field through an expansion with basis functions, e.g. the Nijboer-Zernike basis [25][26][27][28]. The algorithms in [29,30] use an expansion in Hermite-Gauss (HG) modes to reconstruct the HG modal content of a signal, under some assumptions (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast laser field reconstruction method based on a Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm with mode decomposition

Moulanier,

Dickson,

Massimo

et al. 2023

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

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Knowledge of the electric field of femtosecond, high intensity laser pulses is of paramount importance to study the interaction of this class of lasers with matter. A hybrid method to reconstruct the laser field from fluence measurements in the transverse plane at multiple positions along the propagation axis is presented, combining a Hermite–Gauss mode decomposition (MD) and elements of the Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm (GSA). The proposed GSA-MD takes into account the pointing instabilities of high intensity laser systems by tuning the centers of the HG modes. Furthermore, it quickly builds a field description by progressively increasing the number of modes and thus the accuracy of the field reconstruction. The results of field reconstruction using the GSA-MD are shown to be in excellent agreement with experimental measurements from two different high peak power laser facilities.

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Space–time characterization of ultrashort laser pulses: A perspective

Alonso,

Döpp,

Jolly

2024

APL Photonics

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The characterization of ultrashort laser pulses has significantly advanced beyond the standard spatial and temporal diagnostics to now include sophisticated spatio-temporal measurement techniques. In this perspective, we provide an overview of the current state of space–time characterization, discussing the theoretical foundations of ultrashort laser pulses, the various measurement techniques and their design trade-offs, and the challenges and opportunities for future development. We explore the extension of these techniques to different wavelength regimes and delve into the unique challenges posed by the characterization of polarization-structured beams. The potential for data-driven analysis to enhance the information extracted from the measurements is highlighted, along with the need for direct measurement of previously inaccessible field components, such as the longitudinal electric field in tightly focused beams. As these diagnostic tools continue to evolve, we anticipate a future where the intricate space–time structure of light can be analyzed on a routine basis, opening up new frontiers in ultrafast science and technology.

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Measuring spatio-temporal couplings using modal spatio-spectral wavefront retrieval

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Hyperspectral compressive wavefront sensing

Hyperspectral compressive wavefront sensing

Fast laser field reconstruction method based on a Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm with mode decomposition

Space–time characterization of ultrashort laser pulses: A perspective

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