Measuring eating disorder attitudes and behaviors: a reliability generalization study

Gleaves, David H.; Pearson, Crystal A.; Ambwani, Suman; Morey, Leslie C.

doi:10.1186/2050-2974-2-6

Cited by 54 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Construct validity of both subscales has also been supported [25]. Internal validity of scores has been shown to be adequate in adult samples [26]. Cronbach’s alpha in the current study was .84 and .86 for body dissatisfaction, and .93 and .88 for drive for thinness, for men and women, respectively.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 54%

Body dissatisfaction, excessive exercise, and weight change strategies used by first-year undergraduate students: comparing health and physical education and other education students

et al. 2017

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BackgroundHealth and Physical Education (HPE) teachers are known to be under social-, personal-, and employment-related pressure to be and appear physically fit, and to use dangerous dieting and weight control practices. This is problematic due to the influence this may have on their own health and the potential to model these attitudes and behaviours to their future students.MethodsIn this paper, we compare the body image, dieting, disordered eating, and exercise behaviours of first year, HPE, and non-HPE, teacher education students. Participants were 596 first-year university student pre-service teachers (n = 249 HPE and n = 347 non-HPE) from three universities in Australia who completed self-report questionnaires. Analysis of covariance and logistic regression analyses were used to determine differences in attitudes and behaviours between these two groups for males and females separately.ResultsWe found that male HPE participants had significantly higher levels of drive for muscularity and obligatory exercise, and were more likely to be classified as having an exercise disorder, dieting, and using steroids than non-HPE students were. Female HPE students were more likely to engage in self-reported excessive exercise, to have higher scores on the Obligatory Exercise Questionnaire, and be classified as having an exercise disorder.ConclusionThese findings are important as they confirm the presence of dieting and disordered eating attitudes and behaviours among all teacher education students, and highlight male HPE teachers as a potentially vulnerable group. These results may inform the implementation of intervention programs for teacher education students to ensure their personal wellbeing and professional capacity in promoting positive body image, nutrition, and physical activity among young people.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40337-016-0133-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 54%

Body dissatisfaction, excessive exercise, and weight change strategies used by first-year undergraduate students: comparing health and physical education and other education students

et al. 2017

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“…Scores on the measures have previously demonstrated good evidence for validity and reliability in female adolescent samples (e.g., Garner, 1991;Gleaves et al, 2014) and adequate internal consistency in the present study. Higher scores indicate higher levels of risk for all variables except downward Dismantling prevention: Comparison of outcomes 8 appearance comparison and measures of media literacy for which higher scores are more desirable.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Dismantling prevention: Comparison of outcomes following media literacy and appearance comparison modules in a randomised controlled trial

et al. 2016

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A dismantling study of body dissatisfaction prevention was conducted. Adolescent girls (N = 260) were randomly allocated to a media literacy (HBM-Media) or appearance comparison (HBM-Comparison) intervention or healthy eating behaviour control (HBM-Eating) condition. In the HBM-Comparison condition, improvements from baseline to post-program and follow-up for upward appearance comparison and fear of negative appearance evaluation were observed. In the HBM-Media condition improvements were observed from baseline to post-program for upward appearance comparison and realism scepticism.Findings were similar in a high-risk subsample and overall are moderately supportive of appearance comparison-based interventions, but less supportive of a stand-alone media literacy intervention.

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“…Items are scored on a 0–3 scale and summed for the composite symptom score. The EAT‐26 has demonstrated good reliability and validity in women and men (Gleaves, Pearson, Ambwani, & Morey, ). Within the present study, the composite score exhibited good internal consistency for women ( α = .89) and men ( α = .81).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender‐based differential item functioning in measures of eating pathology

Schaefer

Anderson

Simone

et al. 2019

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective Eating disorder (ED) symptoms are common and impairing in males, despite their perception as “female” disorders. As existing self‐report symptom measures were developed and primarily validated in women, there is a need to establish the utility of these measures in men. The present study used differential item functioning (DIF) analyses to explore whether item endorsement differed by gender for three commonly used ED symptom measures. Method Participants were undergraduate men (n = 1,083) and women (n = 2,424) from three universities in the United States. Global scores on the Eating Attitudes Test‐26 (EAT‐26), Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDEQ), and Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale for DSM‐IV (EDDS) were examined. Tests of DIF were conducted by regressing each item against its composite scale score, and then comparing fit and variance explained (R2) to a model with the interaction of item*gender. The clinical significance threshold for DIF is ΔR2 ≥ 0.13. Results There was no evidence of clinically significant DIF within the EAT‐26, EDEQ, or EDDS. Discussion Findings suggest that the examined measures perform similarly for undergraduate men and women, supporting their use in nonclinical male samples. However, development and testing of items reflecting ED symptoms that more commonly occur in males (e.g., muscularity‐oriented behaviors) is encouraged.

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Measuring eating disorder attitudes and behaviors: a reliability generalization study

Cited by 54 publications

References 129 publications

Body dissatisfaction, excessive exercise, and weight change strategies used by first-year undergraduate students: comparing health and physical education and other education students

Body dissatisfaction, excessive exercise, and weight change strategies used by first-year undergraduate students: comparing health and physical education and other education students

Dismantling prevention: Comparison of outcomes following media literacy and appearance comparison modules in a randomised controlled trial

Gender‐based differential item functioning in measures of eating pathology

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