Measurements of Doppler and multipath spread on oblique high‐latitude HF paths and their use in characterizing data modem performance

Angling, Matthew; Cannon, Paul S.; Davies, N.C.; Willink, T.J.; Jodalen, V.; Lundborg, Bengt

doi:10.1029/97rs02206

Cited by 50 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Most of them concentrate on a specific latitude where single-hop links are preferred in order to describe the propagation conditions (e.g. Wagner et al [1995] and Angling et al [1998] for the high latitudes, Gibson et al [1995] and Warrington and Stocker [2003] for midlatitudes, Fitzgerald et al [1999] and Rao et al [2002] for low latitudes). These studies frequently involve a number of measurements, such as amplitude, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), fading and delay and Doppler spread.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Antarctica‐to‐Spain HF ionospheric radio link: Sounding results

2008

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[1] Our research group in Electromagnetism and Communications is involved in a project dealing with the channel characterization of an ionospheric radio link from the Spanish Antarctic Base (62.6°S, 60.4°W) to the Observatori de l'Ebre (40.8°N, 0.5°E) in Spain. Since the link was established for the first time on December 2003, the sounder and measurement techniques have been improved on the basis of the preliminary results. In this paper, the final results of the project corresponding to the 2006/2007 sounding survey are presented. First the hardware and measurement techniques used to probe the channel are described. Then the results in terms of channel availability (and its daily, hourly, and frequency variation), multipath and Doppler spreads, and signal-to-noise ratio are discussed. These results are being used to design the physical layer of a low data rate transmission system intended to send the information acquired by a geomagnetic sensor in the Antarctica.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Antarctica‐to‐Spain HF ionospheric radio link: Sounding results

2008

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“…This together comprises a very complicated problem for which a comprehensive solution should be given for a variety of realistic models of the ionosphere and geometry of propagation. This explains why different empirical models have been developed [Watterson, 1981;Vogler and Hoffmeyer, 1993;Mastrangelo et al, 1997;Sudworth, 1999; see also Proakis, 1983], which are widely employed [Angling et al, 1998;Messer, 1999;Nieto and Ely, 1999] to characterize the HF fluctuating channel of propagation. By contrast to the empirical approach, we present here a rigorous treatment of the HF propagation in a 3-D inhomogeneous medium disturbed by fluctuations of the electron density of the ionosphere.…”

Section: Theoretical Basis For the Wideband Hf Simulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

HF propagation in a wideband ionospheric fluctuating reflection channel: Physically based software simulator of the channel

2005

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[1] A wideband HF simulator has been constructed on the basis of a detailed physical model of propagation which can generate a time realization of the HF wideband channel for any HF carrier frequency, bandwidth, transmitter receiver path and background, and stochastic (irregularity) ionosphere models. To accomplish this, a comprehensive solution has been obtained on the basis of the complex phase method (Rytov's method) to the problem of HF wave propagation for the most general case of a three-dimensional (3-D) inhomogeneous ionosphere with time-varying electron density fluctuations. A simulation is presented for a 1000 km path for which E and low-and high-angle F mode paths exist. The time-varying field owing to each of these paths is summed at the receiving location, enabling the calculation of the scattering function and also the time realization of the received signal shown as a function of both fast and slow time.Citation: Gherm, V. E., N. N. Zernov, and H. J. Strangeways (2005), HF propagation in a wideband ionospheric fluctuating reflection channel: Physically based software simulator of the channel, Radio Sci., 40, RS1001,

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“…From the perspective of communications systems, such large delay and Doppler spreads can result in a significant degradation in system performance (e.g., in achievable data throughput). Discussion of this aspect is given by Angling et al [1998] and Jodalen et al [2001] who report the results from an extensive measurement campaign over a number of high-latitude paths using the DAMSON system and relate their results to anticipated modem performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Warrington [1998] reported preliminary measurements of the directional characteristics of signals radiated from the sounder system (DAMSON) described by Angling et al [1998], and noted that considerable variation in the direction of arrival of the various signal components was often evident. Such large directional spreads may have a severe impact on n channel radio systems (e.g., adaptive beamformers and direction finders) since the signal environment does not comprise a small number of specular components as often assumed by the processing algorithms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and modeling of HF channel directional spread characteristics for northerly paths

2006

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[1] The northerly ionosphere is a dynamic propagation medium that causes HF signals reflected from this region to exhibit delay spreads and Doppler shifts and spreads that significantly exceed those observed over midlatitude paths. Since the ionosphere is not perfectly horizontally stratified, the signals associated with each propagation mode may arrive at the receiver over a range of angles in both azimuth and elevation. Such large directional spreads may have a severe impact on radio systems employing multielement antenna arrays and associated signal-processing techniques since the signal environment does not comprise a small number of specular components as often assumed by the processing algorithms. In order to better understand the directional characteristics of HF signals reflected from the northerly ionosphere, prolonged measurements have recently been made over two paths: (1) from Svalbard to Kiruna, Sweden, and (2) from Kirkenes, Norway, to Kiruna. An analysis of these data is presented in this paper. The directional characteristics are summarized, and consideration is given to modeling the propagation effects in the form of a channel simulator suitable for the testing of new equipment and processing algorithms.

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Measurements of Doppler and multipath spread on oblique high‐latitude HF paths and their use in characterizing data modem performance

Cited by 50 publications

References 13 publications

An Antarctica‐to‐Spain HF ionospheric radio link: Sounding results

An Antarctica‐to‐Spain HF ionospheric radio link: Sounding results

HF propagation in a wideband ionospheric fluctuating reflection channel: Physically based software simulator of the channel

Measurement and modeling of HF channel directional spread characteristics for northerly paths

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