Measurement of the scintillation and ionization response of liquid xenon at MeV energies in the EXO-200 experiment

Anton, Gisela; Badhrees, I.; Barbeau, P. S.; Beck, D.; Belov, V.; Bhatta, Trilochan; Breidenbach, M.; Brunner, T.; Cao, G. F.; Cen, W. R.; Chambers, Claire; Cleveland, B. T.; Coon, Minor J.; Craycraft, A.; Daniels, T.; Darroch, L.; Daugherty, S. J.; Davis, J.; Delaquis, S.; Mesrobian-Kabakian, A. Der; DeVoe, R.; Dilling, J.; Dolgolenko, A.; Dolinski, M. J.; Echevers, J.; Fairbank, W. M.; Fairbank, D.; Farine, J.; Feyzbakhsh, S.; Fierlinger, P.; Fudenberg, D.; Gautam, P.; Gornea, R.; Gratta, G.; Hall, C.; Hansen, E. V.; Hoessl, J.; Hufschmidt, P.; Hughes, M.; Iverson, A.; Jamil, A.; Jessiman, C. E.; Jewell, M. J.; Johnson, Andrew; Karelin, A.; Kaufman, L. J.; Koffas, T.; Krücken, R.; Kuchenkov, A.; Kumar, Krishna; Lan, Y.; Larson, A. C.; Lenardo, B. G.; Leonard, D. S.; Li, G. S.; Li, S.; Li, Z.; Licciardi, C.; Lin, Yi-Hsuan; MacLellan, R.; McElroy, Thomas; Michel, Thilo; Mong, B.; Moore, David C.; Murray, K.; Neilson, R.; Njoya, O.; Nusair, O.; Odian, A.; Ostrovskiy, I.; Piepke, A.; Pocar, A.; Retière, F.; Robinson, A.; Rowson, P. C.; Runge, J.; Schmidt, Susann; Sinclair, D.; Soma, A. K.; Stekhanov, V.; Tarka, M.; Todd, J.; Tolba, T.; Tosi, D.; Totev, T. I.; Veenstra, B.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Vuilleumier, J. L.; Wagenpfeil, M.; Watkins, J.; Weber, M.; Wen, L.; Wichoski, U.; Wrede, Gerrit; Wu, Sen; Xia, Qi; Yahne, D. R.; Yang, L.; Yen, Y.-R.; Zeldovich, O.; Ziegler, T.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.101.065501

Cited by 30 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…These results are consistent with the model described in Ref. [36], and validated with EXO-200 data [48]. Studies of the dependence of the energy resolution on the electron lifetime show that a 10 ms, 7 ms or 5 ms lifetime calibrated to 10 %, 6 % or 3 % accuracy, respectively, would reduce the overall energy resolution by only 0.03 %, in absolute value, making its contribution subdominant.…”

Section: Energy Resolutionsupporting

confidence: 91%

nEXO: neutrinoless double beta decay search beyond 10²⁸ year half-life sensitivity

Adhikari

Kharusi

Angelico

et al. 2021

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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The nEXO neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay experiment is designed to use a time projection chamber and 5000 kg of isotopically enriched liquid xenon to search for the decay in 136Xe. Progress in the detector design, paired with higher fidelity in its simulation and an advanced data analysis, based on the one used for the final results of EXO-200, produce a sensitivity prediction that exceeds the half-life of 1028 years. Specifically, improvements have been made in the understanding of production of scintillation photons and charge as well as of their transport and reconstruction in the detector. The more detailed knowledge of the detector construction has been paired with more assays for trace radioactivity in different materials. In particular, the use of custom electroformed copper is now incorporated in the design, leading to a substantial reduction in backgrounds from the intrinsic radioactivity of detector materials. Furthermore, a number of assumptions from previous sensitivity projections have gained further support from interim work validating the nEXO experiment concept. Together these improvements and updates suggest that the nEXO experiment will reach a half-life sensitivity of 1.35 × 1028 yr at 90% confidence level in 10 years of data taking, covering the parameter space associated with the inverted neutrino mass ordering, along with a significant portion of the parameter space for the normal ordering scenario, for almost all nuclear matrix elements. The effects of backgrounds deviating from the nominal values used for the projections are also illustrated, concluding that the nEXO design is robust against a number of imperfections of the model.

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Section: Energy Resolutionsupporting

confidence: 91%

nEXO: neutrinoless double beta decay search beyond 10²⁸ year half-life sensitivity

Adhikari

Kharusi

Angelico

et al. 2021

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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“…The charge yield is defined as Q y = p qe /W . We assume W=13.8 eV in this work, though recent measurements have suggested a value of 11.5 eV [32,33] for the average energy required to produce an excitation quanta in xenon. Using the lower value would increase the expected signal rate in our ROI by a maximum value of 4%.…”

Section: Detector Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of Single and Few Electrons in XENON1T and Limits on Light Dark Matter

Aprile,

Abe,

Agostini

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Delayed single-and few-electron emissions plague dual-phase time projection chambers, limiting their potential to search for light-mass dark matter. This paper examines the origins of these events in the XENON1T experiment. Characterization of the intensity of delayed electron backgrounds shows that the resulting emissions are correlated, in time and position, with high-energy events and can effectively be vetoed. In this work we extend previous S2-only analyses down to a single electron. From this analysis, after removing the correlated backgrounds, we observe rates < 30 events/(electron×kg×day) in the region of interest spanning 1 to 5 electrons. We derive 90% confidence upper limits for dark matter-electron scattering, first direct limits on the electric dipole, magnetic dipole, and anapole interactions, and bosonic dark matter models, where we exclude new parameter space for dark photons and solar dark photons.

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“…The EXO-200 Collaboration recently measured W ¼ 11.5 AE 0.5 eV in electronic recoils using 1.2-2.6 MeV γ calibrations[23]. The discrepancy is not yet understood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination of electronic recoils from nuclear recoils in two-phase xenon time projection chambers

Akerib¹,

Alsum²,

Araújo³

et al. 2020

Phys. Rev. D

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We present a comprehensive analysis of electronic recoil vs nuclear recoil discrimination in liquid/gas xenon time projection chambers, using calibration data from the 2013 and 2014-2016 runs of the Large Underground Xenon experiment. We observe strong charge-to-light discrimination enhancement with increased event energy. For events with S1 ¼ 120 detected photons, i.e., equivalent to a nuclear recoil energy of ∼100 keV, we observe an electronic recoil background acceptance of <10 −5 at a nuclear recoil signal acceptance of 50%. We also observe modest electric field dependence of the discrimination power, which peaks at a field of around 300 V=cm over the range of fields explored in this study (50-500 V=cm). In the weakly interacting massive particle search region of S1 ¼ 1 − 80 phd, the minimum electronic recoil leakage we observe is ð7.3 AE 0.6Þ × 10 −4 , which is obtained for a drift field of 240-290 V=cm. Pulse shape discrimination is utilized to improve our results, and we find that, at low energies and low fields, there is an additional reduction in background leakage by a factor of up to 3. We develop an empirical model for recombination fluctuations which, when used alongside the Noble Element Scintillation Technique simulation package, correctly reproduces the skewness of the electronic recoil data. We use this updated simulation to study the width of the electronic recoil band, finding that its dominant contribution comes from electron-ion recombination fluctuations, followed in magnitude of contribution by fluctuations in the S1 signal, fluctuations in the S2 signal, and fluctuations in the total number of quanta produced for a given energy deposition.

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Measurement of the scintillation and ionization response of liquid xenon at MeV energies in the EXO-200 experiment

Cited by 30 publications

References 57 publications

nEXO: neutrinoless double beta decay search beyond 10²⁸ year half-life sensitivity

nEXO: neutrinoless double beta decay search beyond 10²⁸ year half-life sensitivity

Emission of Single and Few Electrons in XENON1T and Limits on Light Dark Matter

Discrimination of electronic recoils from nuclear recoils in two-phase xenon time projection chambers

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Measurement of the scintillation and ionization response of liquid xenon at MeV energies in the EXO-200 experiment

Cited by 30 publications

References 57 publications

nEXO: neutrinoless double beta decay search beyond 1028 year half-life sensitivity

nEXO: neutrinoless double beta decay search beyond 1028 year half-life sensitivity

Emission of Single and Few Electrons in XENON1T and Limits on Light Dark Matter

Discrimination of electronic recoils from nuclear recoils in two-phase xenon time projection chambers

Contact Info

Product

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nEXO: neutrinoless double beta decay search beyond 10²⁸ year half-life sensitivity

nEXO: neutrinoless double beta decay search beyond 10²⁸ year half-life sensitivity