Measurement and Spatial Differentiation Characteristics of Transit Equity: A Case Study of Guangzhou, China

Cao, Xiaoshu; Hui-ling, Chen; Liang, Feiwen; Wang, Wulin

doi:10.3390/su10041069

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Although the Gini index is directed to analyze income distribution, many studies adopted it to analyze the distribution of public transit resources [59]. Moreover, it also can be applied "to any quantity that can be cumulated across a population" [12].…”

Section: Equity Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment for the Social Sustainability and Equity under the Perspective of Accessibility to Jobs

et al. 2020

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Social sustainability is a dimension of the concept of sustainability that has gained importance only in the last few decades and can be identified as the pursuit and measure of social equity. Equity can be analyzed under two approaches: horizontal and vertical. The horizontal approach considers the distribution of benefits equally, while the vertical equity considers these same benefits, but between specific groups, which is an adequate approach when dealing with policy-related topics, such as tariff subsidy. Accessibility is a factor that contributes to urban social sustainability and it may be a representation of physical and/or social barriers in the urban environment. Thus, this paper aims to assess social sustainability under a vertical equity approach, based on accessibility to jobs, for different population groups, comparing public with individual motorized transport. The case study was carried out in Medellín-Colombia, using data from the 2017 Home Destination Survey. It was found that users of individual transport have access to a greater number of jobs than users of public transport. In addition, those with higher income have better accessibility than those with lower income, even though they are not beneficiaries of tariff subsidy policies. Another highlight is that areas closer to the central region are also more accessible. In some specific communes, it would be indicated to seek to improve access through public transport, or the implementation of some public policy at the municipal level that could have an impact on access to opportunities.

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Section: Equity Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment for the Social Sustainability and Equity under the Perspective of Accessibility to Jobs

et al. 2020

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“…Many of these studies also reveal that those defined as transit dependent exercise a substantial amount of choice and frequently rely on cars. Although I focus on findings from the US and Canada below, the terms transit dependency and choice ridership are also used in a variety of international contexts, including China (Cai et al, 2020;Cao et al, 2018;Sun & Fan, 2018), India (Cheranchery & Maitra, 2018), Korea (Sohn & Yun, 2009), Australia (Chia et al, 2016), and Colombia (Márquez et al, 2018).…”

Section: Academic References To Choice and Dependent Ridersmentioning

confidence: 99%

What the heck is a choice rider? A theoretical framework and empirical model

Guerra

2022

JTLU

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As local, state, and federal agencies began investing substantial resources into subsidizing transit in the 1960s and ‘70s, public documents argued that transit agencies should focus on attracting choice riders instead of dependent riders, who have no alternatives and use transit regardless of service quality. After six decades, the definitions, uses, and implications of the terms choice and dependent rider have remained consistent in the academic and professional literature. These definitions, however, lack a strong theoretical grounding or empirical evidence to support them. Using travel diary data from the Philadelphia region, I estimate discrete choice models to identify choice riders, who I define as those who have close to a 50% probability of choosing between a car or transit for a given trip. The Philadelphia region, which has a diverse range of transit users and transit services, is an ideal place to develop and fit an empirical model of choice ridership. Attributes assumed to be associated with dependent riders, such as lack of a car, low income, and being a racial or ethnic minority, are much more prevalent among choice riders than the general metropolitan population. Choice riders are also diverse, with a mix of racial backgrounds, income levels, educational attainment, and access to private cars. Transit dependency, by contrast, is rare. The lowest and highest income residents generally only choose transit when service quality is high, and transit is cost and time competitive with the car.

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“…The problem that remains in public transport is that the distribution of public transport operates mainly in the central business district and inner suburbs whereas other modes such as buses, vans, and trains service further to the outer suburbs. Moreover, the transit system fails to meet people who rely on public transit for daily commuting, including the mobility inequality of specific social groups, especially for people with a disability [4,5]. Furthermore, people should have equal access to public transport resources, and to achieve equity in public transport accessibility is to provide public transport to those areas people need it most [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Grid-Based Spatial Analysis for Detecting Supply–Demand Gaps of Public Transports: A Case Study of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region

et al. 2020

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Public transport service has been promoted to reduce the problems of traffic congestion and environmental impacts due to car dependency. Several public transportation modes are available in Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR) such as buses, heavy rails, vans, boats, taxis, and trains while in some areas have fewer modes of public transport available. The disparity of public transport service negatively impacts social equity. This study aims to identify the gaps between public transport supply and demand and to demonstrate introduced indicators to assess the public transport performance incorporating transport capacity and equilibrium access aspects. Supply index was used to evaluate the level of service, and the demand index was applied to estimate travel needs. Furthermore, the Lorenz curves and the Gini coefficients were used to measure the equity of public transport. The results highlight that more than half of the BMR population is living in low-supply high-demand areas for public transportation. Moreover, the equitable access analysis has identified that the high-income population has better access to public transport than the low-income population. The results suggest that public transport gaps and equity indicate the inclusiveness of public transportation, as well as to the areas where to improve the public transport service. Thus, the methodology used in this study can be applied to another city or region similar to BMR.

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Measurement and Spatial Differentiation Characteristics of Transit Equity: A Case Study of Guangzhou, China

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

Assessment for the Social Sustainability and Equity under the Perspective of Accessibility to Jobs

Assessment for the Social Sustainability and Equity under the Perspective of Accessibility to Jobs

What the heck is a choice rider? A theoretical framework and empirical model

A Grid-Based Spatial Analysis for Detecting Supply–Demand Gaps of Public Transports: A Case Study of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region

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