Measurement and estimation of actual evapotranspiration in the field under Mediterranean climate: a review

Rana, Gianfranco; Katerji, Nader

doi:10.1016/s1161-0301(00)00070-8

Cited by 535 publications

(292 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…However, direct measurements of transpiration, using a sap flow technique, are an improvement on traditional soil water balance approaches, as these have proved problematic as a result of the two or three dimensional variability in soil water components found in hedgerow crops under micro-irrigation systems (Cohen 1991;Rana and Katerji 2000;Annandale et al 2003;Testi et al 2006;Villalobos et al 2009) and therefore presents a valuable data set for modelling citrus water use. The relatively simple and convenient crop coefficient approach of Allen et al (1998) relates water use of various crops to evapotranspiration from a well-watered hypothetical short grass reference surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop coefficient approaches based on fixed estimates of leaf resistance are not appropriate for estimating water use of citrus

et al. 2014

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The estimation of crop water use is critical for accurate irrigation scheduling and water licenses. However, the direct measurement of crop water use is too expensive and time consuming to be performed under all possible conditions, which necessitates the use of water use models. The FAO-56 procedure is a simple, convenient and reproducible method, but as canopy cover and height vary greatly among different orchards, crop coefficients may not be readily transferrable from one orchard to another. Allen and Pereira (2009) therefore incorporated a procedure into the FAO-56 approach which estimates crop coefficients based on a physical description of the vegetation and an adjustment for relative crop stomatal control over transpiration. Transpiration crop coefficients derived using this procedure and fixed values for citrus, did not provide good estimates of water use in three citrus orchards. However, when mean monthly leaf resistance was taken into account, 1 good agreement was found with measured values. A relationship between monthly reference evapotranspiration and mean leaf resistance provided a means of estimating mean leaf resistance which estimated transpiration crop coefficients with a reasonable degree of accuracy. The use of a dynamic estimate of mean leaf resistance therefore provided reasonable estimates of transpiration in citrus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop coefficient approaches based on fixed estimates of leaf resistance are not appropriate for estimating water use of citrus

et al. 2014

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“…At a given site, E depends largely on the availability of water and energy, and thus is site-specific. In Mediterranean regions, due to the scarcity of water resources, reliable evaluation of water lost through evapotranspiration is very important (Rana & Katerji, 2000). Despite the attention that these ecosystems are receiving (Detto et al, 2006), knowledge of E rates in Mediterranean mountain areas continues to be poor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the attention that these ecosystems are receiving (Detto et al, 2006), knowledge of E rates in Mediterranean mountain areas continues to be poor. This is due to the difficulty of evaluating E accurately because all the weather variables range over very large intervals and any variation in one parameter immediately influences all the other variables that are mutually linked (Rana & Katerji, 2000), and also due to land cover heterogeneity. Its measurement becomes especially relevant in the recharge areas of high permeability karst landscapes where long-term surface runoff can be assumed negligible and potential recharge (PR) calculated as the difference between precipitation and evapotranspiration .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal dynamics of soil water balance components in a karst range in southeastern Spain: estimation of potential recharge

Cantón

Villagarcı́a

Moro

et al. 2010

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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This paper analyses the temporal dynamics of soil water balance components in a representative recharge area of the Sierra de Gádor (Almeria, southeastern Spain) in two hydrological years. Two approaches are used to estimate daily potential recharge (PR): Approach 1 based on deriving PR from the water balance as the difference between measurements of rainfall (P) and actual evapotranspiration (E) obtained by eddy covariance; and Approach 2 with PR obtained from the dynamic pattern of the soil moisture (y) recorded at two depths in the site's thin soil (average 0.35 m thickess). For the hydrological year 2003/04, which was slightly drier than the 30-year average, E accounted for 64% of rainfall and occurred mainly in late spring and early summer. The PR estimated by Approach 1 was 181 AE 18 mm year -1 (36% of rainfall), suggesting an effective groundwater recharge in the study area. In the unusually dry hydrological year 2004/05, E was about 215 mm year -1 , close to the annual rainfall input, and allowing very little (8 AE 12 mm year -1 ) PR according to Approach 1. Estimation of PR based on Approach 2 resulted in PR rates lower than those found by Approach 1, because Approach 2 does not take into account the recharge that occurs through preferential flow pathways (cracks, joints and fissures) which were not monitored with the y probes. Moreover, using Approach 2, the PR estimates differed widely depending on the time scale considered: with daily mean y data, PR estimation was lower, especially in late spring, while y data at 30 min resolution yielded a more reliable prediction of the fraction of total PR resulting from the downward movement of soil water by gravity.Key words potential recharge; evapotranspiration; soil moisture; soil water balance; Mediterranean; Sierra de Gádor Dynamique temporelle des composantes du bilan hydrique du sol dans une chaine karstique du sud-est de l'Espagne: estimation de la recharge potentielle Résumé Ce travail analyse la dynamique temporelle des composantes du bilan hydrique du sol dans une zone de recharge représentative de la Sierra de Gador (Almeria, SE de l'Espagne) pendant deux années hydrologiques. Deux approches ont été utilisées pour estimer la recharge potentielle journalière (RP): dans l'approche 1, RP est calculée à partir de la différence entre les mesures de pluie (P) et d'évapotranspiration réelle (E) obtenues par la méthode de la covariance turbulente; dans l'approche 2, RP est obtenue à partir de l'humidité du sol (y) mesurée à deux profondeurs dans les sols peu profonds du site (épaisseur moyenne de 0.35 m). Pendant l'année hydrologique

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“…Lysimeters can be very accurate for in situ measurements of ET at small scale if they are properly maintained. Bowen ratio and eddy covariance flux towers and surface renewal systems are fairly accurate methods for estimating ET at scales of up to 1 km (Rana and Katerji, 2000), although not free of errors (e.g., Teixeira and Bastiaanssen, 2010;Twine et al, 2000). Scintillometers have the capability to measure fluxes across path lengths of 5-10 km (Hartogensis et al, 2010;Meijninger and de Bruin, 2000).…”

Section: Accuracy Of Spatial Evapotranspiration Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial evapotranspiration, rainfall and land use data in water accounting – Part 1: Review of the accuracy of the remote sensing data

Karimi

Bastiaanssen

2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

124

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Abstract. The scarcity of water encourages scientists to develop new analytical tools to enhance water resource management. Water accounting and distributed hydrological models are examples of such tools. Water accounting needs accurate input data for adequate descriptions of water distribution and water depletion in river basins. Ground-based observatories are decreasing, and not generally accessible. Remote sensing data is a suitable alternative to measure the required input variables. This paper reviews the reliability of remote sensing algorithms to accurately determine the spatial distribution of actual evapotranspiration, rainfall and land use. For our validation we used only those papers that covered study periods of seasonal to annual cycles because the accumulated water balance is the primary concern. Review papers covering shorter periods only (days, weeks) were not included in our review. Our review shows that by using remote sensing, the absolute values of evapotranspiration can be estimated with an overall accuracy of 95 % (SD 5 %) and rainfall with an overall absolute accuracy of 82 % (SD 15 %). Land use can be identified with an overall accuracy of 85 % (SD 7 %). Hence, more scientific work is needed to improve the spatial mapping of rainfall and land use using multiple space-borne sensors. While not always perfect at all spatial and temporal scales, seasonally accumulated actual evapotranspiration maps can be used with confidence in water accounting and hydrological modeling.

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Measurement and estimation of actual evapotranspiration in the field under Mediterranean climate: a review

Cited by 535 publications

References 103 publications

Crop coefficient approaches based on fixed estimates of leaf resistance are not appropriate for estimating water use of citrus

Crop coefficient approaches based on fixed estimates of leaf resistance are not appropriate for estimating water use of citrus

Temporal dynamics of soil water balance components in a karst range in southeastern Spain: estimation of potential recharge

Spatial evapotranspiration, rainfall and land use data in water accounting – Part 1: Review of the accuracy of the remote sensing data

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