MDS and AML with trisomy 8 as the sole chromosome aberration show different sex ratios and prognostic profiles: A study of 115 published cases

Abstract

A number of chromosome aberrations occur nonrandomly as the sole aberration in malignant and premalignant hematological disorders. They imply very different prognoses. For most of them the survival consequences have been established. For trisomy 8, which is the most frequent numerical aberration in myeloid disorders, the prognostic implications have not been investigated. In order to clarify survival in patients with trisomy 8 as the sole aberration, the literature was searched for such cases. In 115 patients survival data were available. In 103 (89.6%), a myeloid disorder had been diagnosed. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) occurred in 100 cases (87.0%). The median survival was found to be 17.1 months. On multivariate survival analysis (Cox), age above 60 and a leukemic diagnosis were found to be independent adverse prognostic indicators. MDS patients survived significantly longer (median 21 months) than AML patients (median 15 months). In MDS age and in AML the trisomy 8 clonal size was an independent prognostic factor. An unexpected observation was a clear male preponderance in trisomy 8 MDS (about two-thirds of cases). In trisomy 8 AML an approximate 1:1 ratio was found. Browsing of Mitelman's catalog confirmed these ratios.

Trisomy 8 as the sole chromosomal aberration in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes

“…An updated database search [9] on isolated trisomy 8 reveals that it is seen in 6.0% and 6.8% of karyotypically abnormal AMLs in women and men, respectively. However, a significantly higher frequency in males (12% versus 8.9%; P<0.05; chi-square test) is found in MDS, in agreement with a previous study by Pedersen [30]. Furthermore, there is a clear-cut impact of age on the incidence of trisomy 8 as a sole change in AML, i.e., it increases with age [29,31].…”

Cytogenetic Features of Elderly Turkish Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients

“…In our study, the frequency of trisomy 8 was 9%. This result was similar to the other studies (7%-10%) (22). On the other hand, Panani et al (5) reported that the most common anomaly was trisomy 8 (28%).…”

Prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia patients up to 60 years of age exhibiting trisomy 8 within a non-complex karyotype: individual patient data-based meta-analysis of the German Acute Myeloid Leukemia Intergroup

“…So far only one literature search has evaluated independent prognostic factors among AML patients with +8 as a sole aberration revealing trisomy 8 clonal size as a potential predictor in a small number of cases. 13 This unclear prognostic situation is accompanied by an unclear therapeutic situation. Conventional consolidation with high-dose cytarabine seems not to cure the disease, and only anecdotal data are available regarding transplantation strategies in small numbers of patients within each single trial.…”