MBAS (Methylene Blue Active Substances) and LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonates) in Mediterranean coastal aerosols: Sources and transport processes

Becagli, Silvia; Ghedini, Costanza; Peeters, Sara; Rottiers, André; Traversi, Rita; Udisti, Roberto; Chiari, M.; Jalba, Adriana; Despiau, S.; Dayan, Uri; Temara, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.04.041

Cited by 62 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…4 , methanesulfonate -MS − , acetate, formate, glycolate, oxalate) was evaluated by two Dionex DX1000 and one Dionex DX500 ion chromatographs working in parallel (Becagli et al, 2011). The half Teflon filters were analysed by particle-induced Xray emission (PIXE) technique (Chiari et al, 2005, Lucarelli et al, 2011 in order to obtain the total elemental composition.…”

Section: Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saharan dust aerosol over the central Mediterranean Sea: PM<sub>10</sub> chemical composition and concentration versus optical columnar measurements

et al. 2014

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Abstract. This study aims to determine the mineral contribution to PM 10 in the central Mediterranean Sea, based on 7 yr of daily PM 10 samplings made on the island of Lampedusa (35.5 • N, 12.6 • E).The chemical composition of the PM 10 samples was determined by ion chromatography for the main ions, and, on selected samples, by particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) for the total content of crustal markers. Aerosol optical depth measurements were carried out in parallel to the PM 10 sampling.The average PM 10 concentration at Lampedusa over the period June 2004-December 2010 is 31.5 µg m −3 , with low interannual variability. The annual means are below the EU annual standard for PM 10 , but 9.9 % of the total number of daily data exceeds the daily threshold value established by the European Commission for PM (50 µg m −3 , European Community, EC/30/1999).The Saharan dust contribution to PM 10 was derived by calculating the contribution of Al, Si, Fe, Ti, non-sea-salt (nss) Ca, nssNa, and nssK oxides in samples in which PIXE data were available. Cases in which crustal content exceeded the 75th percentile of the crustal oxide content distribution were identified as elevated dust events. Using this threshold, we obtained 175 events. Fifty-five elevated dust events (31.6 %) displayed PM 10 higher than 50 µg m −3 , with dust contributing by 33 % on average.The crustal contribution to PM 10 has an annual average value of 5.42 µg m −3 , and reaches a value as high as 67.9 µg m −3 (corresponding to 49 % of PM 10 ) during an intense Saharan dust event.The crustal content estimated from a single tracer, such as Al or Ca, is in good agreement with the one calculated as the sum of the metal oxides. Conversely, larger crustal contents are derived by applying the EU guidelines for demonstration and subtraction of exceedances in PM 10 levels due to high background of natural aerosol. The crustal aerosol amount and contribution to PM 10 showed a very small seasonal dependence; conversely, the dust columnar burden displays an evident annual cycle, with a strong summer maximum (monthly average aerosol optical depth at 500 nm up to 0.28 in June-August). We found that 71.3 % of the dust events identified from optical properties over the atmospheric column display a high dust content at the ground level. Conversely, the remaining 28.7 % of cases present a negligible or small impact on the surface aerosol composition due to the transport processes over the Mediterranean Sea, where dust frequently travels above the marine boundary layer, especially in summer.Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. M. Marconi et al.: Saharan dust aerosol over the central Mediterranean SeaBased on backward trajectories, two regions, one in Algeria-Tunisia, and one in Libya, are identified as main source areas for intense dust episodes occurring mainly in autumn and winter. Data on the bulk composition of mineral aerosol arising from these two source areas are scarce; results on characteristic ratios between ele...

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Section: Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saharan dust aerosol over the central Mediterranean Sea: PM<sub>10</sub> chemical composition and concentration versus optical columnar measurements

et al. 2014

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“…Therefore, ssNa + and Cl − are reliable markers for the evaluation of SSA content. Details of sea-salt aerosol measurements in Lampedusa were described by Becagli et al [15], Fattori et al [16], Udisti et al [17], and Kishcha et al [18].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea-Salt Aerosol Mass Concentration Oscillations after Rainfall, Derived from Long-Term Measurements in Lampedusa (Central Mediterranean)

et al. 2012

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Sea-salt aerosol (SSA) is the dominant contributor to cloud condensation nuclei over ocean areas, where wind speed is significant. Thereby, SSA could affect cloud formation and play an important role in the Earth weather and climate. Rainfall could produce large impact on SSA concentration due to wet removal processes. An analysis of changes in sea-salt aerosol concentration after rainfall is essential for a deeper understanding of the process of SSA loading in the boundary layer. The current experimental study focused on analyzing time variations of SSA mass concentration after rainfall, on the basis of long-term daily SSA measurements during the three-year period 2006-2008, at the tiny Mediterranean island of Lampedusa (Central Mediterranean). To study the effect of rainfall on SSA time variations, we used the superposed epoch method. We applied this approach to differing rainfall events related to different months and atmospheric/sea conditions. Integrated processing was applied to SSA concentration anomalies, in order to filter out random variability. Observational evidence of SSA mass concentration oscillations after rainfall with a maximum on the 2nd day and a minimum on the 4th day was obtained. The knowledge of SSA variations after rainfall is important for validating rainout parameterization in existing sea-salt aerosol and climate models.

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“…FIGURE 2 presents the air masses traveled to this area were influenced by Northeast monsoon coming from the South China Sea through the middle of Peninsular Malaysia. Owing to this result, we believed that surfactants in the SML can recognized as one source of surfactants in atmospheric aerosols generated from bubble excretions processes on SML [4,11].…”

Section: Surfactants In Atmospheric Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surfactants in environment possess many effects toward nature and its living organisms. Study by Becagli et al [4] found that the accumulation of surfactants in coastal area may results the declined of vegetation. Cincinelli et al [17] reported that surfactant generated from marine aerosol to coastal region contribute hazardous effect on animal and leads toxicity effect to human health such as asthma and allergy problems [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wide application of surfactants particularly in lubricant and diesel of motor vehicles will release pollutants as gases and exhaust into atmosphere [3]. As for natural sources, sea-salt compositions originated from sea-surface microlayer (SML) could play a significant role in forming natural surfactants [4]. In addition, phytoplankton excretion and biodegradation of organic substances may have connection to the production of surfactants in SML [5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of surfactants in sea-surface microlayer and atmospheric aerosols at selected coastal area of Peninsular Malaysia

Mustaffa¹,

Latif²,

Ali³

2013

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Surfactant in marine environment has been recognized to influence the biogeochemical cycle in atmosphere. This study aims to determine the concentration of surfactants in sea-surface microlayer (SML) and atmospheric aerosol at selected coastal area of Peninsular Malaysia. The sampling activities has been carried out between February 2012 and January 2013 using rotation drum to collect SML samples and a High Volume Sampler (HVS) equipped with two cascade impactor to collect fine and coarse mode aerosols. The Colorimetric method has been applied to determine surfactants as MBAS and DBAS using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Trajectory analysis was done using online-based HYSPLIT model in order to determine the influence of wind direction on surfactants concentrations. Overall, anionic surfactant as MBAS was dominated in SML with a range 0.19-0.24 μmolL -1 . Surfactants in atmospheric aerosol was found to be dominant in fine mode aerosol (MBAS = 62.79-171.30 pmolm -3 , DBAS = 29.41-182.86 pmolm -3 ) influenced by northeast monsoon.

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MBAS (Methylene Blue Active Substances) and LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonates) in Mediterranean coastal aerosols: Sources and transport processes

Cited by 62 publications

References 40 publications

Saharan dust aerosol over the central Mediterranean Sea: PM<sub>10</sub> chemical composition and concentration versus optical columnar measurements

Saharan dust aerosol over the central Mediterranean Sea: PM<sub>10</sub> chemical composition and concentration versus optical columnar measurements

Sea-Salt Aerosol Mass Concentration Oscillations after Rainfall, Derived from Long-Term Measurements in Lampedusa (Central Mediterranean)

Distribution of surfactants in sea-surface microlayer and atmospheric aerosols at selected coastal area of Peninsular Malaysia

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MBAS (Methylene Blue Active Substances) and LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonates) in Mediterranean coastal aerosols: Sources and transport processes

Cited by 62 publications

References 40 publications

Saharan dust aerosol over the central Mediterranean Sea: PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; chemical composition and concentration versus optical columnar measurements

Saharan dust aerosol over the central Mediterranean Sea: PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; chemical composition and concentration versus optical columnar measurements

Sea-Salt Aerosol Mass Concentration Oscillations after Rainfall, Derived from Long-Term Measurements in Lampedusa (Central Mediterranean)

Distribution of surfactants in sea-surface microlayer and atmospheric aerosols at selected coastal area of Peninsular Malaysia

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Product

Resources

About

Saharan dust aerosol over the central Mediterranean Sea: PM<sub>10</sub> chemical composition and concentration versus optical columnar measurements

Saharan dust aerosol over the central Mediterranean Sea: PM<sub>10</sub> chemical composition and concentration versus optical columnar measurements