Maximum theoretical power density of lithium–air batteries with mixed electrolyte

Mehta, Mohit; Bevara, Vamsci V; Andrei, Petru

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.03.158

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…One‐dimensional GDE models for metal‐air batteries usually consider local concentration and potential gradients over the electrode thickness , , . Along‐the‐channel or in‐plane models are presently barely found, as present metal‐air batteries have small geometric electrode areas and no active air supply, and thus, no large in‐plane inhomogeneity is expected.…”

Section: Gas Diffusion Electrode Models From 0d To 3dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling Oxygen Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Various Technical Applications

Kubannek

Turek

Krewer

2019

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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In gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs), electrocatalysts are in contact with gas and electrolyte ensuring a large active threephase boundary. GDEs are used for important technical applications in energy transformation and chemical synthesis. This review gives an introduction into the vast range of existing models for GDEs and their specific purpose, with an emphasis on oxygen reduction electrodes. After introducing the processes occurring in GDEs, modeling approaches are described according to their dimensionality (from 0D to 3D to multiscale) and perspectives for future research are discussed.

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Section: Gas Diffusion Electrode Models From 0d To 3dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, for metal‐air batteries, wide model variations are possible, e.g., to determine maximum power for certain material parameters , to account in detail for nucleation processes or for effects of external humidity or CO 2 accumulation , or to derive handy analytical models for special cases .…”

Section: Gas Diffusion Electrode Models From 0d To 3dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Oxygen Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Various Technical Applications

Kubannek

Turek

Krewer

2019

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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“…47−49 These factors limit the energy density of aqueous Li−O 2 battery. 50,51 As a result, this review is mainly focusing on aprotic Li−O 2 batteries. The rechargeable aprotic Li−O 2 batteries were first demonstrated and reported by Abraham and Jiang.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are categorized on the basis of the electrolyte used in the batteries. − The all-solid-state Li–O 2 battery suffers from the low ionic conductivity of the solid-state electrolyte. − The safety issues caused by the corrosion of Li anode are major obstacles for the aqueous Li–O 2 battery. Even though the hybrid aqueous/aprotic battery seems to be a more promising choice than the other two types, − the aprotic Li–O 2 battery using the aprotic electrolyte gains the dominant position among all of the research. ,− Moreover, the capacity of the aqueous Li–O 2 battery is closely related to the solubility of the discharge products and the weight of the anode protection membrane. − These factors limit the energy density of aqueous Li–O 2 battery. , As a result, this review is mainly focusing on aprotic Li–O 2 batteries. The rechargeable aprotic Li–O 2 batteries were first demonstrated and reported by Abraham and Jiang …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Recent Advances in Mass Transfer in Positive Electrodes of Aprotic Li–O₂ Batteries

Wang

Hao

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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The widely used Li-ion batteries are insufficient for the rapid needs of high energy storage devices. Li−O 2 batteries are regarded as a promising candidate to meet the needs in the future. This technology has attracted tremendous attention and led to remarkable scientific advances. We consider aprotic Li−O 2 batteries in this review because they have drawn the most attention of scientific research. However, various challenges should be resolved, such as low rate capability, poor cyclability, and instability, before realizing this technology in practice. The mass transfer of O 2 and Li + is a critical factor that affects the electrochemical performance of Li−O 2 batteries. In this review, we discuss the effects of aprotic electrolytes, porous structure, and operating conditions on the mass transfer, particularly the O 2 mass transfer. Fundamental advances in developing materials (e.g., organic electrolytes) and practical optimizations of the electrode structure and operating conditions are key to enhancing the mass transfer of O 2 and Li + . It is worthwhile to continue the research effort due to the benefits of Li−O 2 batteries. The research directions should be clarified to achieve breakthroughs in the future.

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“…It should be noticed that there is another kind of LAB which uses aqueous electrolyte at the cathode side . But the capacity of such LAB is limited by the solubility of the discharge products in the aqueous electrolyte and the heavy weight of anode protection membrane, it is generally believed that this type of LAB has lower specific energy than non‐aqueous LOBs . So in this report, we mainly focus on the non‐aqueous LOB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Objectively Evaluating the Cathode Performance of Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries

Zhang

Shen

Sun

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

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Anode : Li Li ↔ + + − e (1) Cathode : 2Li O 2e Li O 2 22 + + ↔ + − (2) Total : 2Li O Li O 2 2 2The open circuit voltage is 2.96 V vs Li/Li + . Based on the molecular weight of the discharge product Li 2 O 2 , the theoretical specific energy can be calculated as high as 3460 W h kg −1 , which is 10 times higher than state of the art LIB. It should be noticed that there is another kind of LAB which uses aqueous electrolyte at the cathode side. [22][23][24][25] But the capacity of such LAB is limited by the solubility of the discharge products in the aqueous electrolyte and the heavy weight of anode protection membrane, [26][27][28][29] it is generally believed that this type of LAB has lower specific energy than non-aqueous LOBs. [17,30] So in this report, we mainly focus on the non-aqueous LOB.In the last decade, the non-aqueous LOB has attracted worldwide attention and achieved great progress. Many literatures have reported LOB cathodes with specific capacity higher than 1,00 mA h g −1 and cyclability of more than 100 cycles in half-cell configuration. [31][32][33][34][35] These values are very attractive by considering that the specific capacity of LIB cathode is usually below 300 mA h g −1 . [36,37] However, some scientists believe that such performance is largely overestimated. [38,39] Estimation of LOB performance is usually based on half-cell test, which refers to the experimental measurement that is specialized to characterize the half-reaction on cathode side. The half-cell usually contains large excess of anode material which has high exchange current density, and the potential of the anode maintains stable during testing. However, on prototype cell level, high specific energy LOBs are still irreversible. [40,41] For example, in 2016, Samsung Electronics Inc. reported their latest progress on LOB prototype cell. [42] Their 1 A h cell with zigzag folding structure realized a specific energy of 500 W h kg −1 but only worked for 3 cycles. Apparently, conventional half-cell testing results cannot objectively reflect the cathode performance in LOB prototype cells.In this report, the particularity of the LOB cathode is extensively analyzed. We point out that some conventional parameters to evaluate the performances of LIB cathode are not suitable for LOB. In some cases, higher "specific capacity" cathodes may lead to lower prototype cell specific energy, and longer "cycle life" in limited capacity cycling tests may actually due to more unwanted side reactions. To avoid the above misleading Lithium-oxygen battery is a promising high specific energy electrochemical system for next generation energy storage. Many literatures have reported lithium-oxygen battery cathodes with specific capacity higher than 1000 mA h g −1 and cyclability of several hundred cycles in half-cell tests. However, on the prototype cell level, high specific energy lithium-oxygen batteries are still irreversible. In this report, the huge discrepancy between the half-cell result and the prototype cell performance is carefully analyzed. Some m...

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Maximum theoretical power density of lithium–air batteries with mixed electrolyte

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Modeling Oxygen Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Various Technical Applications

Modeling Oxygen Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Various Technical Applications

Review and Recent Advances in Mass Transfer in Positive Electrodes of Aprotic Li–O₂ Batteries

Objectively Evaluating the Cathode Performance of Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries

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Maximum theoretical power density of lithium–air batteries with mixed electrolyte

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Modeling Oxygen Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Various Technical Applications

Modeling Oxygen Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Various Technical Applications

Review and Recent Advances in Mass Transfer in Positive Electrodes of Aprotic Li–O2 Batteries

Objectively Evaluating the Cathode Performance of Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries

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Review and Recent Advances in Mass Transfer in Positive Electrodes of Aprotic Li–O₂ Batteries