Matrices progresivas de Raven: punto de corte para preescolares 4 - 6 años

Abstract

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo - correlacional en varios centros educativos de las provincias de Cienfuegos y Matanzas para determinar un punto de corte del niño preescolar 4 – 6 años. Se utilizó dos muestras: muestra de normalización (N1) y muestra de validación (N2). N1 quedó conformada por 406 niños: 108 con 4 años, 102 con 5 años y 196 con 6 años. N2 quedó conformada por 130 niños: 30 con 4 años, 50 con 5 años y 50 con 6 años. Se utilizó el método Curva Receptor- Operador para seleccionar el punto de corte. La validez de la prueba se obtuvo a través de la correlación con dos tareas de razonamiento (Semejanzas – Diferencias y Operaciones numéricas). El Alfa de Cronbach indicó la confiabilidad de la prueba. La prueba presenta propiedades psicométricas a decuadas para aplicarse en la edad preescolar. Los puntos de corte seleccionados mostraron valores apropiados para detectar el riesgo intelectual en la etapa preescolar.

Breastfeeding is associated with the intelligence of school‐age children in Mexico

“…In this case, the measurement error is independent of the exposure (breastfeeding), leading to a dilution of the real effect, making it less likely to detect an association, even if it exists (Hernán & Robins, 2020 ). However, the abbreviated form of the Raven CPM test has been evaluated and validated in other studies (Bilker et al, 2012 ; Caffarra et al, 2003 ; Irrgang et al, 2019 ; Ramírez‐Benítez et al, 2013 ; Raven, 2000 ). In China, the CPM and SPM test scores were highly correlated in a sample of children 8–16 years old (Qiu et al, 2020 ).…”

“…In China, the CPM and SPM test scores were highly correlated in a sample of children 8–16 years old (Qiu et al, 2020 ). In Cuba, an investigation that applied both the SPM and CPM tests in its abbreviated form to school children found high consistency between tests (Cronbach's ⍺ = 0.96), and 93% of the sample had similar results with the standard and the abbreviated test (Ramírez‐Benítez et al, 2013 ). The CPM test has been validated among children in Aguascalientes, Mexico (Méndez & Palacios, 2008 ) and among indigenous children in the country with an overall acceptable reliability of the test (Cronbach ⍺ = 0.810 (Fernández & Mercado, 2014 ).…”

“…The CPM test has been validated among children in Aguascalientes, Mexico (Méndez & Palacios, 2008 ) and among indigenous children in the country with an overall acceptable reliability of the test (Cronbach ⍺ = 0.810 (Fernández & Mercado, 2014 ). It is considered a solution to the problem of applying an instrument to measure intelligence in large populations with shorter execution times in scholars (Ramírez‐Benítez et al, 2013 ) and adults (Bilker et al, 2012 ).…”

“…This test has an advantage over other tests in that it does not imply any a priori assumption that intellectual ability development in childhood is necessarily uniform or symmetrically distributed (Raven et al, 1993 ). Other studies have validated the abbreviated Raven CPM in adults (Raven, 2000 ) and among children (Qiu et al, 2020 ; Ramírez‐Benítez et al, 2013 ).…”