Maternal sympathetic stress impairs follicular development and puberty of the offspring

Barra, Rafael; Cruz, Gonzalo; Mayerhofer, Artur; Paredes, Alfonso; Lara, Hernán E.

doi:10.1530/rep-14-0150

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Most studies investigating the effects of prenatal stress on rat reproductive development suggest that, as in this study, effects are more pronounced in the male offspring. However, a recent study by Barra et al (2014) reported that exposure to 4°C for 3h a day throughout pregnancy in rats delayed ovarian follicular development on post-natal days 4 and 30, and delayed the onset of puberty in the female offspring. This study, which used post-pubertal rats, showed no significant alteration in the populations of ovarian follicles, although ovaries from prenatally stressed female rats tended to have more primary follicles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Sex-specific prenatal stress effects on the rat reproductive axis and adrenal gland structure

et al. 2016

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Social stress during pregnancy has profound effects on offspring physiology. This study examined whether an ethologically relevant social stress during late pregnancy in rats alters the reproductive axis and adrenal gland structure in post-pubertal male and female offspring. Prenatally stressed (PNS) pregnant rats (n=9) were exposed to an unfamiliar lactating rat for 10 min/day from day 16 to 20 of pregnancy inclusive, whereas control pregnant rats (n=9) remained in their home cages. Gonads, adrenal glands and blood samples were obtained from one female and one male from each litter at 11 to 12-weeks of age. Anogenital distance was measured. There was no treatment effect on body, adrenal or gonad weight at 11–12 weeks. PNS did not affect the number of primordial, secondary or tertiary ovarian follicles, numbers of corpora lutea or ovarian FSH receptor expression. There was an indication that PNS females had more primary follicles and greater ovarian aromatase expression compared with control females (both P=0.09). PNS males had longer anogenital distances (0.01±0.0 cm/g vs 0.008±0.00 cm/g; P=0.007) and higher plasma FSH concentrations (0.05 ng/mL vs 0.006 ng/mL; s.e.d.=0.023; P=0.043) compared with control males. There were no treatment effects on the number of Sertoli cells or seminiferous tubules, seminiferous tubule area, plasma testosterone concentration or testis expression of aromatase, FSH receptor or androgen receptor. PNS did not affect adrenal size. These data suggest that the developing male reproductive axis is more sensitive to maternal stress and that PNS may enhance aspects of male reproductive development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Sex-specific prenatal stress effects on the rat reproductive axis and adrenal gland structure

et al. 2016

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“…The ovaries were dissected under aseptic conditions, placed on sterile lens paper, and cultured on plastic grids at the air/culture medium interface, as previously described (George et al 1987, Barra et al 2014, under an atmosphere consisting of 95% O 2 and 5% CO 2 and at a temperature of 37 8C. One ovary per well was cultured for 8 h in 24-well plates; each well contained 750 ml DMEM/F-12 50:50 v/v (12500, Gibco, Life Technologies).…”

Section: Organ Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In summary, the ovaries from 36 rats were incubated in the presence of every condition, and 36 ovaries (6 per condition) were collected at the end of this period and stored at K80 8C until RNA extraction. The other 36 ovaries were washed in fresh media and incubated for another 24 h with human FSH (F4021, 7000 IU/mg, Sigma Chemical Co.) at a final concentration of 10 IU/ml in incubation media, and the ovaries were fixed to perform morphometric analysis of the follicles, as described previously (Barra et al 2014).…”

Section: Organ Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Kisspeptin is involved in ovarian follicular development during aging in rats

Fernandois¹,

Na²,

Cuevas³

et al. 2015

Journal of Endocrinology

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We have previously reported that kisspeptin (KP) may be under the control of the sympathetic innervation of the ovary. Considering that the sympathetic activity of the ovary increases with aging, it is possible that ovarian KP also increases during this period and participates in follicular development. To evaluate this possibility, we determined ovarian KP expression and its action on follicular development during reproductive aging in rats. We measured ovarian KP mRNA and protein levels in 6-, 8-, 10-and 12-month-old rats. To evaluate follicular developmental changes, intraovarian administration of KP or its antagonist, peptide 234 (P234), was performed using a mini-osmotic pump, and to evaluate FSH receptor (FSHR) changes in the senescent ovary, we stimulated cultured ovaries with KP, P234 and isoproterenol (ISO). Our results shows that KP expression in the ovary was increased in 10-and 12-month-old rats compared with 6-month-old rats, and this increase in KP was strongly correlated with the increase in ovarian norepinephrine observed with aging. The administration of KP produced an increase in corpora lutea and type III follicles in 6-and 10-month-old rats, which was reversed by P234 administration at 10 months. In addition, KP decreased the number and size of antral follicles in 6-and 10-month-old rats, while P234 administration produced an increase in these structures at the same ages. In ovarian cultures KP prevented the induction of FSHR by ISO. These results suggest that intraovarian KP negatively participates in the acquisition of FSHR, indicating a local role in the regulation of follicular development and ovulation during reproductive aging.

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“…In addition, some alternative medical treatments, such as acupuncture [132,133], may be mediated by other mechanisms to improve the PCOS disease pattern. Acupuncture can successfully counteract excessive ovarian sympathetic nervous system activity, which is thought to be another possible type of pathophysiology involved in PCOS [134,135]. A recent meta-analysis found that acupuncture can decrease the levels of LH and testosterone and promote the normalization of menstrual cycles in patients with PCOS [136].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms of Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling and Its Therapeutic Effects in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Seow¹,

Chang

Chen

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy, characterized by chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and multiple small subcapsular cystic follicles in the ovary during ultrasonography, and affects 5–10% of women of reproductive age. PCOS is frequently associated with insulin resistance (IR) accompanied by compensatory hyperinsulinemia and, therefore, presents an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The pathophysiology of PCOS is unclear, and many hypotheses have been proposed. Among these hypotheses, IR and hyperandrogenism may be the two key factors. The first line of treatment in PCOS includes lifestyle changes and body weight reduction. Achieving a 5–15% body weight reduction may improve IR and PCOS-associated hormonal abnormalities. For women who desire pregnancy, clomiphene citrate (CC) is the front-line treatment for ovulation induction. Twenty five percent of women may fail to ovulate spontaneously after three cycles of CC treatment, which is called CC-resistant PCOS. For CC-resistant PCOS women, there are many strategies to improve ovulation rate, including medical treatment and surgical approaches. Among the various surgical approaches, one particular surgical method, called laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD), has been proposed as an alternative treatment. LOD results in an overall spontaneous ovulation rate of 30–90% and final pregnancy rates of 13–88%. These benefits are more significant for women with CC-resistant PCOS. Although the intra- and post-operative complications and sequelae are always important, we believe that a better understanding of the pathophysiological changes and/or molecular mechanisms after LOD may provide a rationale for this procedure. LOD, mediated mainly by thermal effects, produces a series of morphological and biochemical changes. These changes include the formation of artificial holes in the very thick cortical wall, loosening of the dense and hard cortical wall, destruction of ovarian follicles with a subsequently decreased amount of theca and/or granulosa cells, destruction of ovarian stromal tissue with the subsequent development of transient but purulent and acute inflammatory reactions to initiate the immune response, and the continuing leakage or drainage of “toxic” follicular fluid in these immature and growth-ceased pre-antral follicles. All these factors contribute to decreasing local and systemic androgen levels, the following apoptosis process with these pre-antral follicles to atresia; the re-starting of normal follicular recruitment, development, and maturation, and finally, the normalization of the “hypothalamus–pituitary–ovary” axis and subsequent spontaneous ovulation. The detailed local and systematic changes in PCOS women after LOD are comprehensively reviewed in the current article.

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Maternal sympathetic stress impairs follicular development and puberty of the offspring

Cited by 31 publications

References 36 publications

Sex-specific prenatal stress effects on the rat reproductive axis and adrenal gland structure

Sex-specific prenatal stress effects on the rat reproductive axis and adrenal gland structure

Kisspeptin is involved in ovarian follicular development during aging in rats

Molecular Mechanisms of Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling and Its Therapeutic Effects in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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