Maternal smoking and causes of very preterm birth

Kyrklund-Blomberg, Nina B.; Granath, Fredrik; Cnattingius, Sven

doi:10.1111/j.0001-6349.2005.00848.x

Cited by 107 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, as expected, we found that maternal smoking and history of PTB were the main risk factors for PTB in cases. This is in accordance with the present literature [3,5,16,17,20,25]. Conversely, bacterial vaginosis and LLETZ conisation were not associated with PTB in our study, although they represent established risk factors for PTB.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Common Oxytocin Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and the Risk for Preterm Birth

et al. 2013

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Abstract.Oxytocin is crucially involved in the onset and maintenance of labor. We investigated the association between oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms and preterm birth. The presence of four common oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms (rs2254298, rs53576, rs2228485 and rs237911) was evaluated in one hundred women with preterm birth and one hundred healthy women using restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping. No association was found between the presence of any individual oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism and preterm birth. In haplotype analysis, the haplotype combination of rs2254298 A allele, rs2228485 C allele and rs237911 G allele was found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (OR = 3.2 [CI 1.04-9.8], p = 0.043). In conclusion our findings suggest that a combination of three oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms is associated with an increased risk for preterm birth. We propose further studies investigating the role of oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms and preterm birth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Common Oxytocin Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and the Risk for Preterm Birth

et al. 2013

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“…Theories on how smoking causes ectopic pregnancy include fallopian tube ciliary damage causing decreased ovum transit times and inflammation interfering with fertilization. 21 Like other studies in the literature, this study found that smokers have a higher incidence of poor pregnancy outcomes, including PPROM, 20,22 preterm labor, 22,23 placental abruption, 20,24 IUGR, 25,26 and intrauterine fetal demise. 27,28 There are several limitations to this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Consequences of Smoking during Pregnancy on Maternal Health

Roelands

Jamison

Lyerly

et al. 2009

Journal of Women's Health

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Objective: To estimate the incidence of maternal cardiovascular and pulmonary events and the prevalence of other comorbid conditions among pregnant smokers. Methods: We queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) for pregnancy-related discharge codes for the years 2000-2004. The prevalence of various conditions and the incidence of various complications were compared between smokers and nonsmokers. Results: The majority of smokers were young and white and had public insurance. Smokers were more likely to have experienced deep vein thrombosis (odds ratio [OR] 1.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1, 1.6), stroke (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2, 2.5), pulmonary embolus (OR 2.5, 95% CI 2.1, 3.0), and myocardial infarction (OR 4.6, 95% CI 3.3, 6.4). They were 3 times more likely to have experienced influenza or pneumonia (OR 2.9, 95% CI 2.7, 3.2) and 15 times more likely to have bronchitis (OR 15.2, 95% CI 12.8,18.2). They were more likely to suffer from a number of comorbidities, including asthma (OR 4.0, 95% CI 3.7, 4.2) and gastrointestinal ulcers (OR 3.7, 95% CI 2.6, 5.5). Although they were less likely to have experienced gestational diabetes (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.9, 1.0), preeclampsia (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.8, 0.9), or eclampsia (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6, 0.9), they were more than 5 times as likely to have experienced an ectopic pregnancy (OR 5.4, 95% CI 4.6, 6.3). Conclusions: Smoking has a negative impact on maternal health. Counseling about the risks of smoking in pregnancy should include not only fetal risks but maternal risks as well.

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“…Very preterm infants (24-31 weeks) had an overall prevalence of birth defects 2.3 times that of moderately preterm infants (32-36 weeks). This gradient might have occurred because some factors such as maternal smoking and diabetes that increase the risk of very preterm birth are also related to the risk of certain birth defects [13,14]. The ascertainment of birth defects also depends on the thoroughness and training of the examiner [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stratified analysis was used to assess factors potentially modifying the association between preterm birth and birth defects. Factors assessed included: maternal race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, other), maternal age in years (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34), C35) number of previous live births (none, 1 or more), maternal education (\12 years, 12 years, [12 years), initiation of prenatal care (first trimester, second trimester, third trimester, no prenatal care), and delivery method (vaginal, vaginal birth after C-section, primary C-section, repeat C-section). To improve comparability, birth certificates were used as the source of these data for both the numerator and denominator.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Major Birth Defects and Preterm Birth

Honein¹,

Kirby

Meyer

et al. 2008

Matern Child Health J

113

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Objective To evaluate the association between preterm birth and major birth defects by maternal and infant characteristics and specific types of birth defects. Study Design We pooled data for 1995-2000 from 13 states with population-based birth defects surveillance systems, representing about 30% of all U.S. births. Analyses were limited to singleton, live births from 24-44 weeks gestational age. Results Overall, birth defects were more than twice as common among preterm births (24-36 weeks) compared with term births (37-41 weeks gestation) (prevalence ratio [PR] = 2.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.62-2.68), and approximately 8% of preterm births had a birth defect. Birth defects were over five times more likely among very preterm births (24-31 weeks gestation) compared with term births (PR = 5.25, 95% CI 5.15-5.35), with about 16% of very preterm births having a birth defect. Defects most strongly associated with very preterm birth included central nervous system defects (PR = 16.23, 95% CI 15.49-17.00) and cardiovascular defects (PR = 9.29, 95% CI 9.03-9.56). Conclusions Birth defects contribute to the occurrence of preterm birth. Research to identify shared causal pathways and risk factors could suggest appropriate interventions to reduce both preterm birth and birth defects.

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Maternal smoking and causes of very preterm birth

Abstract: Smoking increases the risk of very preterm birth caused by preterm labor (including idiopathic preterm labor), preterm premature rupture of membranes, and late pregnancy bleedings.

Cited by 107 publications

References 21 publications

Common Oxytocin Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and the Risk for Preterm Birth

Common Oxytocin Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and the Risk for Preterm Birth

Consequences of Smoking during Pregnancy on Maternal Health

The Association Between Major Birth Defects and Preterm Birth

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