Maternal cotinine level during pregnancy and birthweight for gestational age

Peacock, Janet L.; Cook, Derek G; Carey, Iain M.; Jarvis, Martin J.; Bryant, Andrew; Anderson, H R; Bland, John M.

doi:10.1093/ije/27.4.647

Cited by 95 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Some studies 11,15,19,26,32,33) had examined the effect of ETSexposure measured by biochemical markers on fetal growth, but the findings were still conflicting. Biochemical markers could be regarded as objective and quantitative ETS-indicators, but could only provide ETS-exposure measured within a limited time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chen and Petitti 16) showed that the relative risk (RR) for term small-forgestational-age infants in association with passive smoke exposure was 0.47. In contrast, many other studies 4,6,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] have shown that ETSexposure during pregnancy harmfully affected fetal growth. These studies, however, ranged from studies claiming rather large effects to those showing small effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…reported that the RR for intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) was 2.17 among ETS exposed mothers. On the other hand, Peacock et al 33). reported that infants born to mothers with ETS-exposure were insignificantly lighter at birth by 6.7 g, on an average, than those born to non-exposed mothers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Maternal Active and Passive Smoking and Fetal Growth: A Prospective Study in Nagoya, Japan.

Matsubara

Kida²,

Tamakoshi

et al. 2000

Journal of Epidemiology

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In order to examine the effect of maternal active and passive smoking on fetal growth, we carried out a population-based cohort study. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 15,207 women who notified their pregnancy from April, 1989 to March, 1991. A total of 7,411 mother-singleton infant pairs were analyzed in this study. Paternal smoking status and maternal hours exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) were used as indicators of passive smoking.Infants born to active smoking mothers were 96 g lighter, on an average, at birth than those born to non-smokers, and the relative risk for intrauterine growth retardation was 1.79 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05-3.04) among active smoking mothers.Infants with smoking fathers weighted 11 g lighter, on an average, than those with non-smoking fathers, and mean birth weight of infants was reduced by 19 g among mothers exposed to ETS. The relative risk for intrauterine growth retardation in non-smoking pregnants with a smoking husband and those exposed to ETS was 0.95 (95% Cl = 0.72-1.26) and 0.95 (95% Cl = 0.71-1.26), respectively. Our findings indicated an adverse effect of maternal active smoking on fetal growth in Japanese pregnant population, but with small influence of maternal passive smoking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Maternal Active and Passive Smoking and Fetal Growth: A Prospective Study in Nagoya, Japan.

Matsubara

Kida²,

Tamakoshi

et al. 2000

Journal of Epidemiology

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“…Some of these studies have used questionnaire data to determine ETS exposure ( Martin and Bracken, 1986;Chen et al, 1989;Mathai et al, 1992;Fortier et al, 1994;Roquer et al, 1994;Dejin -Karlsson et al, 1998), with five studies relying solely on information concerning household members who smoke, one as recently as 1997 (Brooke et al, 1989;Chen et al, 1989;Mathai et al, 1992;Saito, 1991;Ahluwalia et al, 1997 ). Other studies examining the association between ETS exposure and low birth weight have measured exposure using a biomarker such as cotinine (Eskenazi et al, 1995;Haddow et al, 1988;Peacock et al, 1988 ). Studies that determine exposure using a biomarker are more difficult to conduct and more expensive than questionnaire data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of environmental tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy using a single question on household smokers versus serum cotinine

Kaufman

Kharrazi

DeLorenze

et al. 2002

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Environmental tobacco smoke ( ETS ) exposure has been studied in relation to many diseases. The ability of a study to find an association between exposure and disease is, in part, determined by the accuracy of the exposure measure. This study examined how accurately one question, the number of smokers in the household, asked at birth, predicts ETS exposure in pregnant nonsmokers as assessed by serum cotinine. Blood specimens, drawn at 15 -19 weeks gestation, from 783 women who participated in a prenatal screening program in California in 1992 were analyzed for cotinine. Serum cotinine was significantly correlated with the number of smokers in the household ( r = 0.35, P < 0.001, geometric mean cotinine ( nanograms per milliliter ) for 0 smokers = 0.06, 1 smoker = 0.18, 2 or more smokers = 0.29 ). Using multiple regression, the number of smokers in the household accounted for 11% of the variation in serum cotinine. Cotinine concentrations were twice as high in women living with one or more smokers compared to women not living with a smoker, when reported exposure ( 0 or >0 h ) at home, work and other places was similar. Thus, the number of household smokers can account for a statistically significant amount of variation in serum cotinine and omission of this information would result in an underestimation of ETS exposure. Although use of this question alone does not provide an adequate estimation of ETS exposure as determined by serum cotinine, the results of this study indicate that this question is an important component of assessing ETS exposure.

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“…Those most at risk from ETS exposure appear to be neonates, young children, and possibly the fetus (8). Study after study is finding that ETS exposure adversely affects fetal growth with an elevated risk of low birth weight (LBW) (9)(10)(11)(12)(13). The impact of passive smoking on other reproductive outcomes is less clear; an elevated risk of spontaneous abortion (14) and sudden infant death syndrome (15) as well as impaired female and male fertility (16,17) have been observed in some epidemiologic studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The exposure of nonsmoking and smoking mothers to environmental tobacco smoke during different gestational phases and fetal growth.

Dejmek

Podrazilova

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

121

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We studied the impact of maternal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on birth weight (BW), low birth weight (LBW), and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) according to self-reported maternal smoking habits in a sample of 6,866 singleton births. We obtained data about parental characteristics and maternal active smoking (AS) and passive smoking at delivery via maternal questionnaires and medical records. We used three categories of smoking habits (nonsmokers and those who smoked 1-10 or >10 cigarettes per day) and defined ETS exposure as greater than or equal to 5 cigarettes per day smoked by others in the mother's presence. We used multiple regression and logistic regression procedures with adjustment for many associated covariates. We observed a significant reduction of the mean BW in infants of AS mothers. This reduction was only marginal for mothers who stopped smoking after recognizing their pregnancy. ETS exposure in 1,797 of 5,507 nonsmoking mothers reduced the mean BW of their infants by 53 g [95% confidence interval (CI), 24-82 g]. ETS exposure also significantly reduced BW in babies of AS mothers by 92 g (CI, 21-113 g) compared with BW of ETS-nonexposed AS mothers. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of LBW for ETS-exposed AS mothers was two times the LBW risk of ETS-nonexposed AS mothers(2.02; CI, 1.11-3.67); the AOR of ETS-exposed nonsmoking mothers was 1.51 (CI, 1.02-2.26). The AOR of IUGR for this group did not differ from unity (1.08; CI, 0.82-1.43). However, ETS exposure increased the AOR of IUGR for AS mothers from 1.64 (CI, 1.06-2.53) to 2.13 (CI, 1.70-2.67). ETS exposure reduced the BW of infants of nonsmoking mothers and contributed to additional BW reduction in infants of AS mothers. ETS exposure increased the risk of LBW but not that of IUGR in babies of nonsmoking mothers.

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Maternal cotinine level during pregnancy and birthweight for gestational age

Cited by 95 publications

References 26 publications

Maternal Active and Passive Smoking and Fetal Growth: A Prospective Study in Nagoya, Japan.

Maternal Active and Passive Smoking and Fetal Growth: A Prospective Study in Nagoya, Japan.

Estimation of environmental tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy using a single question on household smokers versus serum cotinine

The exposure of nonsmoking and smoking mothers to environmental tobacco smoke during different gestational phases and fetal growth.

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