Matching INSPIRE Quality of Service Requirements with Hybrid Clouds

Abstract

A lot of effort has been invested in Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) during the last decade regarding interoperable standards for services and data. But still the scalability and performance of SDI services is reported to be crucial especially if they are accessed concurrently by a high number of users. Furthermore, laws and provisions such as the INSPIRE directive specify challenging requirements regarding the performance, availability and scalability of SDI services. This article presents a Hybrid Cloud architecture for matching INSPIRE-related Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, without investing in rarely used hardware in advance, by occupying external third-party resources on a pay-as-you-go basis. The presented Hybrid Cloud is a composition of a local IT-infrastructure (Private Cloud) and the computational resources of third-party vendors (Public Cloud). The local infrastructure is laid out to handle the average main load of a service and in lasting peak times additional resources of external providers are allocated and integrated on demand into the local infrastructure to provide sufficient service quality automatically. A proof-of-concept implementation of the proposed Hybrid Cloud approach is evaluated and benchmarked with respect to INSPIRE-related QoS requirements.

Open access, open source and cloud computing: a glimpse into the future of GIS

“…INSPIRE is a large European Union project which seeks to unify spatial information under a coherent schema and which includes provision and visualisation of the data (Baranski et al 2011). The desire to make the data available and of use to society has resulted in a number of efforts towards cloud-based GIS, including a system for 3D visualisation of Greek water resources (Kallergis et al 2014).…”

Designing a bidirectional workflow for OpenStreetMap data integration in an INSPIRE based SDI

“…In this context, a lot of effort has been invested, around the world, in (SDIs) during the last decade regarding interoperable standards for services and data [2]. Different SDI architectures have caused new obstacles.…”

An architecture for integrated intelligence in urban management using cloud computing

“…All the above literature demonstrates that significant efforts are taking place to utilise cloud computing for the geospatial domain whereas Foerster, et al [31] and Baranski et al [32] extended the use of a hybrid cloud i.e. a mixture of a private cloud for efficient utilisation of existing IT infrastructure and security reasons and a public cloud for QoS i.e.…”

“…al [31] demonstrated the effectiveness of a hybrid cloud (Open Nebula -private cloud and EC2 -public cloud) together with OGC a compliant 52°north based Web Processing Service. Baranski et al [32] demonstrated that INSPIRE-related challenging QoS requirements are not easy to achieve without a scalable high performance IT infrastructure, especially during peak times (many clients accessing services concurrently). They achieved promising results by using the hybrid cloud (Eucalyptusprivate cloud and Amazon EC2 -public cloud) architecture with OGC compliant 52°north based Web Processing Service.…”