Massive Follicular Lymphoid Hyperplasia in Experimental Allergic Conjunctivitis

Inflammation, Aging, and Cancer: Tumoricidal Versus Tumorigenesis of Immunity

“…Analyses of a series of studies that we originally reported in 1980s/1990s on experimental models of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases and identification of inflammation-induced distinct developmental phases of immune dysfunction suggest the first evidence for a direct association between inflammation and tumor development [1,40,225]. Due to important relevance of these original discoveries in tumor development, aspects of the studies are summarized in the following sections.…”

“…Basic and clinical studies have documented the effects of chronic irritations on non-immune cell responses (e.g., squamous or grandular epithelial cells) in the activation, migration, and recruitment of inflammatory cells (e.g., neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils) and induction of lymphoid hyperplasia, neoplasia, and tumors/cancers in a variety of tissues [1, 14, 16, 23, 38-40, 44, 48, 54, 60, 66, 70, 216, 219-224]. However, except for our earlier discoveries [225], few data were available on a direct link between inflammation and tumor development. Few data were also available on systematic identification of developmental phases of inflammation-induced erosion of immune function that could lead to tumor lesions [1,40,70,225].…”

“…Goblet cells (GCs) seemed to play a role in inflammationinduced developmental phases of immune dysfunction and tumor-like lesions [40,225]. Pathological reports demonstrated involvement of GCs in human appendicitis, neoplasia of endocrine systems, as well as microglandular GC carcinoma (adenocarcinoid), crypt cell carcinoma, GC carcinoid, mucinous carcinoid in the carcinoid tumors of the appendix, stomach, and intestinal cancer, colonic carcinomas, Barrett's esophagus, and lung cancers [235,236].…”

Inflammation, Aging, and Cancer: Tumoricidal Versus Tumorigenesis of Immunity

“…Analyses of a series of studies that we originally reported in 1980s/1990s on experimental models of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases and identification of inflammation-induced distinct developmental phases of immune dysfunction suggest the first evidence for a direct association between inflammation and tumor development [1,40,225]. Due to important relevance of these original discoveries in tumor development, aspects of the studies are summarized in the following sections.…”

“…Basic and clinical studies have documented the effects of chronic irritations on non-immune cell responses (e.g., squamous or grandular epithelial cells) in the activation, migration, and recruitment of inflammatory cells (e.g., neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils) and induction of lymphoid hyperplasia, neoplasia, and tumors/cancers in a variety of tissues [1, 14, 16, 23, 38-40, 44, 48, 54, 60, 66, 70, 216, 219-224]. However, except for our earlier discoveries [225], few data were available on a direct link between inflammation and tumor development. Few data were also available on systematic identification of developmental phases of inflammation-induced erosion of immune function that could lead to tumor lesions [1,40,70,225].…”

“…Goblet cells (GCs) seemed to play a role in inflammationinduced developmental phases of immune dysfunction and tumor-like lesions [40,225]. Pathological reports demonstrated involvement of GCs in human appendicitis, neoplasia of endocrine systems, as well as microglandular GC carcinoma (adenocarcinoid), crypt cell carcinoma, GC carcinoid, mucinous carcinoid in the carcinoid tumors of the appendix, stomach, and intestinal cancer, colonic carcinomas, Barrett's esophagus, and lung cancers [235,236].…”

Developmental Phases of Inflammation-Induced Massive Lymphoid Hyperplasia and Extensive Changes in Epithelium in an Experimental Model of Allergy

“…11,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] For the majority of studies described in this article, ocular tissue of the guinea pigs was sensitized and challenged by repeated topical applications of the antigen (ovalbumin, conjugated with fluorescein, FLOA), 2 to 4 times per day for the first 1½ weeks and 2 to 6 times per month for up to 30 months. Eyes were sensitized unilaterally or bilaterally, with or without application of Ascaris suum adult extracts, active systemic infection with A. suum larvae and eggs.…”

Multiple Cedar Pollen Challenge Diminishes Involvement of Histamine in Allergic Conjunctivitis of Guinea Pigs

“…Despite the existence of a histamine-independent mechanism, in the majority of experimental allergic conjunctivitis models, antihistamines are significantly effective in the reduction of symptoms. [3][4][5] Most experimental ocular allergy animal models have been developed by actively sensitizing guinea pigs with an intraperitoneal injection of a non-airborne antigen such as ovalbumin 6) and dinitrophenylated lysine 7) mixed with an adjuvant or by passively sensitizing animals with antisera, 8,9) which is followed by the subsequent single conjunctival challenge with a solution of the specific antigen. These models are considerably different from the clinical situation because the antigen challenges are not performed chronically.…”

Inflammation, Aging, and Cancer: Tumoricidal Versus Tumorigenesis of Immunity

“…Analyses of a series of studies that we originally reported in 1980s/1990s on experimental models of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases and identification of inflammation-induced distinct developmental phases of immune dysfunction suggest the first evidence for a direct association between inflammation and tumor development [1,40,225]. Due to important relevance of these original discoveries in tumor development, aspects of the studies are summarized in the following sections.…”

“…Basic and clinical studies have documented the effects of chronic irritations on non-immune cell responses (e.g., squamous or grandular epithelial cells) in the activation, migration, and recruitment of inflammatory cells (e.g., neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils) and induction of lymphoid hyperplasia, neoplasia, and tumors/cancers in a variety of tissues [1, 14, 16, 23, 38-40, 44, 48, 54, 60, 66, 70, 216, 219-224]. However, except for our earlier discoveries [225], few data were available on a direct link between inflammation and tumor development. Few data were also available on systematic identification of developmental phases of inflammation-induced erosion of immune function that could lead to tumor lesions [1,40,70,225].…”

“…Goblet cells (GCs) seemed to play a role in inflammationinduced developmental phases of immune dysfunction and tumor-like lesions [40,225]. Pathological reports demonstrated involvement of GCs in human appendicitis, neoplasia of endocrine systems, as well as microglandular GC carcinoma (adenocarcinoid), crypt cell carcinoma, GC carcinoid, mucinous carcinoid in the carcinoid tumors of the appendix, stomach, and intestinal cancer, colonic carcinomas, Barrett's esophagus, and lung cancers [235,236].…”

Developmental Phases of Inflammation-Induced Massive Lymphoid Hyperplasia and Extensive Changes in Epithelium in an Experimental Model of Allergy

“…11,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] For the majority of studies described in this article, ocular tissue of the guinea pigs was sensitized and challenged by repeated topical applications of the antigen (ovalbumin, conjugated with fluorescein, FLOA), 2 to 4 times per day for the first 1½ weeks and 2 to 6 times per month for up to 30 months. Eyes were sensitized unilaterally or bilaterally, with or without application of Ascaris suum adult extracts, active systemic infection with A. suum larvae and eggs.…”

Multiple Cedar Pollen Challenge Diminishes Involvement of Histamine in Allergic Conjunctivitis of Guinea Pigs

“…Despite the existence of a histamine-independent mechanism, in the majority of experimental allergic conjunctivitis models, antihistamines are significantly effective in the reduction of symptoms. [3][4][5] Most experimental ocular allergy animal models have been developed by actively sensitizing guinea pigs with an intraperitoneal injection of a non-airborne antigen such as ovalbumin 6) and dinitrophenylated lysine 7) mixed with an adjuvant or by passively sensitizing animals with antisera, 8,9) which is followed by the subsequent single conjunctival challenge with a solution of the specific antigen. These models are considerably different from the clinical situation because the antigen challenges are not performed chronically.…”

Inflammation, Aging, and Cancer: Tumoricidal Versus Tumorigenesis of Immunity

“…Analyses of a series of studies that we originally reported in 1980s/1990s on experimental models of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases and identification of inflammation-induced distinct developmental phases of immune dysfunction suggest the first evidence for a direct association between inflammation and tumor development [1,40,225]. Due to important relevance of these original discoveries in tumor development, aspects of the studies are summarized in the following sections.…”

“…Basic and clinical studies have documented the effects of chronic irritations on non-immune cell responses (e.g., squamous or grandular epithelial cells) in the activation, migration, and recruitment of inflammatory cells (e.g., neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils) and induction of lymphoid hyperplasia, neoplasia, and tumors/cancers in a variety of tissues [1, 14, 16, 23, 38-40, 44, 48, 54, 60, 66, 70, 216, 219-224]. However, except for our earlier discoveries [225], few data were available on a direct link between inflammation and tumor development. Few data were also available on systematic identification of developmental phases of inflammation-induced erosion of immune function that could lead to tumor lesions [1,40,70,225].…”

“…Goblet cells (GCs) seemed to play a role in inflammationinduced developmental phases of immune dysfunction and tumor-like lesions [40,225]. Pathological reports demonstrated involvement of GCs in human appendicitis, neoplasia of endocrine systems, as well as microglandular GC carcinoma (adenocarcinoid), crypt cell carcinoma, GC carcinoid, mucinous carcinoid in the carcinoid tumors of the appendix, stomach, and intestinal cancer, colonic carcinomas, Barrett's esophagus, and lung cancers [235,236].…”

Developmental Phases of Inflammation-Induced Massive Lymphoid Hyperplasia and Extensive Changes in Epithelium in an Experimental Model of Allergy

“…11,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] For the majority of studies described in this article, ocular tissue of the guinea pigs was sensitized and challenged by repeated topical applications of the antigen (ovalbumin, conjugated with fluorescein, FLOA), 2 to 4 times per day for the first 1½ weeks and 2 to 6 times per month for up to 30 months. Eyes were sensitized unilaterally or bilaterally, with or without application of Ascaris suum adult extracts, active systemic infection with A. suum larvae and eggs.…”

Multiple Cedar Pollen Challenge Diminishes Involvement of Histamine in Allergic Conjunctivitis of Guinea Pigs

“…Despite the existence of a histamine-independent mechanism, in the majority of experimental allergic conjunctivitis models, antihistamines are significantly effective in the reduction of symptoms. [3][4][5] Most experimental ocular allergy animal models have been developed by actively sensitizing guinea pigs with an intraperitoneal injection of a non-airborne antigen such as ovalbumin 6) and dinitrophenylated lysine 7) mixed with an adjuvant or by passively sensitizing animals with antisera, 8,9) which is followed by the subsequent single conjunctival challenge with a solution of the specific antigen. These models are considerably different from the clinical situation because the antigen challenges are not performed chronically.…”