Mass stranding and unusual sightings of northern bottlenose whales (<i>Hyperoodon ampullatus</i>) in Skjálfandi Bay, Iceland

Grove, Thomas; Senglat, Chloé; Petitguyot, Marie A. C.; Kosiba, Danny; Rasmussen, Marianne H.

doi:10.1111/mms.12689

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Mass strandings associated with military exercises have occurred in various regions, such as the Canary Islands in 1988 [ 61 ], the Mediterranean Sea in 1996 [ 62 , 63 ], the North Pacific in 1994 [ 64 ], the Bahamas in 2000 [ 65 ] and the western Pacific between 2004 and 2019 [ 53 , 54 ]. Although not conclusively linked to military sonar, in 2018, multiple beaked whale species were stranded across the British Isles, and northern bottlenose whales were stranded in Iceland, coinciding with a NATO training exercise conducted in the Norwegian Sea [ 66 , 67 ]. It is important to note that beaked whale strandings are more likely to be detected near populated coastlines, while the effects of offshore naval exercises are difficult to observe and cryptic mortality is likely [ 68 ].…”

Section: Threatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating the unknown: assessing anthropogenic threats to beaked whales, family Ziphiidae

Feyrer,

Stanistreet,

Moors-Murphy

2024

R. Soc. Open Sci.

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This review comprehensively evaluates the impacts of anthropogenic threats on beaked whales (Ziphiidae)—a taxonomic group characterized by cryptic biology, deep dives and remote offshore habitat, which have challenged direct scientific observation. By synthesizing information published in peer-reviewed studies and grey literature, we identified available evidence of impacts across 14 threats for each Ziphiidae species. Threats were assessed based on their pathways of effects on individuals, revealing many gaps in scientific understanding of the risks faced by beaked whales. By applying a comprehensive taxon-level analysis, we found evidence that all beaked whale species are affected by multiple stressors, with climate change, entanglement and plastic pollution being the most common threats documented across beaked whale species. Threats assessed as having a serious impact on individuals included whaling, military sonar, entanglement, depredation, vessel strikes, plastics and oil spills. This review emphasizes the urgent need for targeted research to address a range of uncertainties, including cumulative and population-level impacts. Understanding the evidence and pathways of the effects of stressors on individuals can support future assessments, guide practical mitigation strategies and advance current understanding of anthropogenic impacts on rare and elusive marine species.

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Section: Threatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating the unknown: assessing anthropogenic threats to beaked whales, family Ziphiidae

Feyrer,

Stanistreet,

Moors-Murphy

2024

R. Soc. Open Sci.

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“…Given the assumption that for most odontocetes, pregnancy and lactation rarely overlap, extended nursing decreases the lifetime reproductive potential of the species by half. For H. ampullatus, extended maternal care would prolong their recovery from commercial whaling and increase the impact of contemporary risks to their populations such as disease outbreaks, MFAS induced strandings or other unusual mortality events [3][4][5]37,58,59].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged maternal investment in northern bottlenose whales alters our understanding of beaked whale reproductive life history

et al. 2020

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Nursing and weaning periods are poorly understood in cetaceans due to the difficulty of assessing underwater behaviour in the wild. However, the onset and completion of weaning are critical turning points for individual development and survival, with implications for a species' life history including reproductive potential. δ 15 N and δ 13 C deposited in odontocete teeth annuli provide a lifetime record of diet, offering an opportunity to investigate variation and trends in fundamental biology. While available reproductive parameters for beaked whales have largely been inferred from single records of stranded or hunted animals and extrapolated across species, here we examine the weaning strategy and nursing duration in northern bottlenose whales (Hyperoodon ampullatus) by measuring stable isotopes deposited in dentine growth layer groups (GLGs). Using a collection of H. ampullatus teeth taken from whales killed during the whaling era (N = 48) and from two stranded specimens, we compared ontogenetic variation of δ 15 N and δ 13 C found in annual GLGs across all individuals, by sex and by region. We detected age-based trends in both δ 15 N and δ 13 C that are consistent across regions and males and females, and indicate that nursing is prolonged and weaning does not conclude until whales are 3-4 years old, substantially later than previous estimates of 1 year. Incorporating a prolonged period of maternal care into H. ampullatus life history significantly reduces their reproductive potential, with broad implications for models of beaked whale life history, energetics and the species' recovery from whaling.

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“…This generally corresponds to the availability of their main prey, squid of the genus Gonatus [10], in search of which bottlenose whales perform hour-long, deep dives regularly reaching depths of 400-1600 m [11][12]. Despite their primarily offshore distribution, they are also occasionally sighted within fjords and other coastal waters [13] but drivers for their inshore occurrence and movements remain unknown. The acoustic behaviour of northern bottlenose whales can shed light on broader behavioural aspects and habitat use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic behaviour of northern bottlenose whales (Hyperoodon ampullatus) in Icelandic inshore waters

Haas,

Neubarth,

Miller

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the 10th Convention of the European Acoustics Association Forum Acusticum 2023

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Mass stranding and unusual sightings of northern bottlenose whales (Hyperoodon ampullatus) in Skjálfandi Bay, Iceland

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

Navigating the unknown: assessing anthropogenic threats to beaked whales, family Ziphiidae

Navigating the unknown: assessing anthropogenic threats to beaked whales, family Ziphiidae

Prolonged maternal investment in northern bottlenose whales alters our understanding of beaked whale reproductive life history

Acoustic behaviour of northern bottlenose whales (Hyperoodon ampullatus) in Icelandic inshore waters

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