Mass spectrometry based proteomic analysis of human stem cells: a brief review

Abstract

Stem cells can give rise to various cell types and are capable of regenerating themselves over multiple cell divisions. Pluripotency and self-renewal potential of stem cells have drawn vast interest from different disciplines, with studies on the molecular properties of stem cells being one example. Current investigations on the molecular basis of stem cells pluripotency and self-renewal entail traditional techniques from chemistry and molecular biology. In this mini review, we discuss progress in stem cell research that employs proteomics approaches. Specifically, we focus on studies on human stem cells from proteomics perspective. To our best knowledge, only the following types of human stem cells have been examined via proteomics analysis: human neuronal stem cells, human mesenchymal stem cells, and human embryonic stem cells. Protein expression serves as biomarkers of stem cells and identification and expression level of such biomarkers are usually determined using two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled mass spectrometry or non-gel based mass spectrometry.

Cardiac stem/progenitor cells, secreted proteins, and proteomics

“…By this method they were able to discriminate membrane and membrane‐associated proteins from intracellular contaminants and identify additional markers during mouse ESC differentiation. In addition to methods aforementioned, numerous proteomic techniques have been developed and improved in recent years to suit specific stem cell research needs [60–63]. Many stem cell proteomic studies have been aimed at human stem cells either ESCs or ASCs [61,62].…”

“…In addition to methods aforementioned, numerous proteomic techniques have been developed and improved in recent years to suit specific stem cell research needs [60–63]. Many stem cell proteomic studies have been aimed at human stem cells either ESCs or ASCs [61,62]. They have followed several major directions, as described below, and they are depicted schematically in Fig.…”

Proteomic Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Normal and Deep Carious Dental Pulp

“…Mass spectroscopy (MS) based proteomics is becoming an efficient method characterized by systematic large-scale qualitative and quantitative mapping of the whole proteome of stem cell phenotypes from different niches, allowing for the rapid understanding the mechanisms that control their self-renewal ability, differentiation potential and regeneration capacity [10], [11].…”

The requirement for proteomics to unravel stem cell regulatory mechanisms

“…The proteome of potential hESCs has been compared to murine ESC (mESC) as well as hESC that were allowed to differentiate. Other stem cell proteomic signatures have also been published including hematopoietic stem cells (Spooncer et al, 2008; D'Alessandro et al, 2009), mESC (Ahn et al, 2008; Graumann et al, 2008; Gundry et al, 2008, 2010; Williamson et al, 2008; Intoh et al, 2009) and mensenchymal stem cells (Feldmann et al, 2005; Roche et al, 2006, 2009; Choi et al, 2007; Park et al, 2007; Kurpinski et al, 2009; Mareddy et al, 2009; Ji et al, 2010; Kim et al, 2010). In a further development on this theme there have been a number of studies that have compared the transcriptomic and proteomic expression levels identified in ESC and HSC during differentiation (Unwin and Whetton, 2006; Unwin et al, 2006; Spooncer et al, 2008; Williamson et al, 2008; Fathi et al, 2009).…”